Birth registration
Completeness of birth registration (%)
Link with national income+0.87essentially a measure of national income
Links that hold up24of 158 pairs tested
Unit% of children under 5higher is better
SourceWDICC BY 4.0
What this measures. A measure of how far the state reaches: whether it knows a child exists. Based on surveys and sparse. It is near 100 across the rich world, so all the variation is at the other end.
How it has moved
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Every country, every year
One row per country and one column per year, sorted by the most recent value. Hover over any cell to see the figure. The country names link to each country’s page.
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Links that hold up
r is how closely two measures rise and fall together across countries, from −1 (opposite) to +1 (in step), where 0 means no link. These pairs are ranked by the link after adjusting for national income, which means comparing countries with the same GDP per person. Each pair passed three checks. The link held after that adjustment. It was unlikely to be chance (q of 0.05 or less), even allowing for countries in the same region being alike and for the many pairs tested. And the two are not just two measures of the same thing. Very small q values are written in short form: 8.0e-5 means 0.000080.
| Measure | Before adjusting | After adjusting | q | Countries | Tracks income? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Birth registration and Skilled birth attendanceWhere Birth registration is higher, Skilled birth attendance tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Skilled birth attendance by country | +0.78 | +0.58 | 0.012 | 156 | high |
| Birth registration and Primary completionWhere Birth registration is higher, Primary completion tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Primary completion by country | +0.76 | +0.51 | 0.007 | 152 | proxy |
| Birth registration and Internet usersWhere Birth registration is higher, Internet users tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Internet users by country | +0.76 | +0.48 | 0.023 | 165 | proxy |
| Birth registration and Extreme poverty rateWhere Birth registration is higher, Extreme poverty rate tends to be lower: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Extreme poverty rate by country | -0.72 | -0.46 | 0.009 | 150 | proxy |
| Birth registration and Infant mortalityWhere Birth registration is higher, Infant mortality tends to be lower: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Infant mortality by country | -0.74 | -0.45 | 0.009 | 166 | proxy |
| Birth registration and Birth rateWhere Birth registration is higher, Birth rate tends to be lower: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Birth rate by country | -0.75 | -0.45 | 0.027 | 166 | proxy |
| Birth registration and Basic sanitationWhere Birth registration is higher, Basic sanitation tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Basic sanitation by country | +0.74 | +0.45 | 0.002 | 165 | high |
| Birth registration and Basic water accessWhere Birth registration is higher, Basic water access tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Basic water access by country | +0.73 | +0.44 | 0.004 | 165 | proxy |
| Birth registration and Health coverage indexWhere Birth registration is higher, Health coverage index tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Health coverage index by country | +0.75 | +0.44 | 0.041 | 165 | proxy |
| Birth registration and Education scoreWhere Birth registration is higher, Education score tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Education score by country | +0.74 | +0.44 | 0.013 | 165 | proxy |
| Birth registration and Pupil-teacher ratioWhere Birth registration is higher, Pupil-teacher ratio tends to be lower: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Pupil-teacher ratio by country | -0.72 | -0.43 | 0.010 | 155 | proxy |
| Birth registration and Child stuntingWhere Birth registration is higher, Child stunting tends to be lower: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Child stunting by country | -0.71 | -0.42 | 0.035 | 143 | proxy |
| Birth registration and Fertility rateWhere Birth registration is higher, Fertility rate tends to be lower: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Fertility rate by country | -0.73 | -0.42 | 0.008 | 166 | proxy |
| Birth registration and Electricity accessWhere Birth registration is higher, Electricity access tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Electricity access by country | +0.70 | +0.40 | 0.027 | 166 | high |
| Birth registration and Under-5 mortalityWhere Birth registration is higher, Under-5 mortality tends to be lower: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Under-5 mortality by country | -0.72 | -0.40 | 0.021 | 166 | proxy |
| Birth registration and Adolescent fertilityWhere Birth registration is higher, Adolescent fertility tends to be lower: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Adolescent fertility by country | -0.70 | -0.39 | 0.026 | 166 | proxy |
| Birth registration and Equality scoreWhere Birth registration is higher, Equality score tends to be higher: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Equality score by country | +0.64 | +0.37 | 0.026 | 150 | high |
| Birth registration and HDIWhere Birth registration is higher, HDI tends to be higher: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. HDI by country | +0.72 | +0.33 | 0.026 | 165 | proxy |
| Birth registration and Employment in agricultureWhere Birth registration is higher, Employment in agriculture tends to be lower: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Employment in agriculture by country | -0.70 | -0.32 | 0.043 | 159 | proxy |
| Birth registration and Recycling rateWhere Birth registration is higher, Recycling rate tends to be higher: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Recycling rate by country | +0.51 | +0.31 | 0.049 | 34 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Inequality-adjusted HDIWhere Birth registration is higher, Inequality-adjusted HDI tends to be higher: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Inequality-adjusted HDI by country | +0.71 | +0.30 | 0.043 | 154 | proxy |
| Birth registration and Education spendingWhere Birth registration is higher, Education spending tends to be higher: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Education spending by country | +0.28 | +0.30 | 0.029 | 160 | independent |
| Birth registration and HIV prevalenceWhere Birth registration is higher, HIV prevalence tends to be lower: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. HIV prevalence by country | -0.31 | -0.22 | 0.037 | 136 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Women in managementWhere Birth registration is higher, Women in management tends to be higher: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Women in management by country | +0.33 | +0.21 | 0.045 | 140 | moderate |
Links that don’t count as findings
These go together strongly, but they are built from the same numbers or measure the same thing. So they are bound to match, or their match shows that the measures agree, not something about the world.
| Measure | Before adjusting | After adjusting | q | Countries | Tracks income? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Birth registration and Governance scoreNot an independent finding: one of these indices is built partly from the other, so their agreement is just arithmetic. Governance score by country | +0.39 | +0.04 | 0.869 | 156 | moderate |
How much the other measures account for
The 71 most widely reported measures boil down to a few broad patterns. This table shows how much of the differences between countries on this measure those patterns account for, adding one pattern at a time. The patterns are rebuilt without this measure, and without anything built from the same numbers or measuring the same thing. So it never predicts itself under another name. The figures use the 124 countries reporting all of them, and 71 candidate measures.
This shows how much it moves with the others. It does not explain anything. Measures that move together end up on the same pattern whether or not anything connects them. And the countries here are the best-documented ones. A high figure means this measure is largely predictable from the others, not that they produce it.
| Patterns used | Share of this measure accounted for | Added by this pattern |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 52% | — |
| 2 | 55% | +3% |
| 3 | 59% | +4% |
| 4 | 59% | +0% |
| 5 | 59% | +0% |
| 6 | 59% | +0% |
How it differs by category
This compares the measure across groups of countries, such as those sharing a main religion, instead of against another number. The figure is the share of the differences between countries on this measure that lies between the groups, on a scale from 0 to 1. It is shown before and after adjusting for national income.
The “between groups” figure runs from 0 (the groups are no different) to 1 (the groups explain all the differences between countries). Groups have no up or down, so this says how much the groups differ, never which way. For that, read the group averages. The figure also tends to rise when there are more groups. So to judge whether it could be chance (q), we shuffle the same labels among the same countries many times and see how often a figure this big turns up. Then we allow for the fact that many measures are checked at once, since with enough checks a few big figures turn up by luck alone. Groups with fewer than 12 countries are left out. And countries that share a label share a lot else. Adjusting for income rules out one third factor, but leaves language, region, legal tradition and history untouched.
| Grouped by | Between groups | After income | q | Groups at each end |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Last European coloniser | 0.23 | 0.25 | 0.141 | best: Spain 91.5% · worst: France 76.4% % of children under 5 |
| Largest religious group | 0.09 | 0.05 | 0.663 | best: Christians 85.5% · worst: Muslims 80.6% % of children under 5 |
Every other pair
Everything else this measure was tested against, apart from the links that hold up and the pairs built from the same numbers. Sorted by the link after adjusting. Search by name; every column sorts. A small adjusted figure is a result too. It says the two do not move together once income is set aside.
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| Birth registration and Trust in governmentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Trust in government by country | -0.30 | -0.61 | 0.234 | 46 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Infrastructure scoreLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.44) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Infrastructure score by country | +0.75 | +0.44 | 0.081 | 165 | proxy |
| Birth registration and Public social spendingLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.43) could easily be chance. Public social spending by country | +0.60 | +0.43 | 0.058 | 41 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Market-income GiniLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.39) could easily be chance. Market-income Gini by country | -0.57 | -0.39 | 0.362 | 43 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Old-age spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Old-age spending by country | +0.41 | +0.39 | 0.057 | 41 | independent |
| Birth registration and Maternal mortalityLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.36) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Maternal mortality by country | -0.67 | -0.36 | 0.088 | 165 | proxy |
| Birth registration and Population 0-14Linked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.34) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Population 0-14 by country | -0.71 | -0.34 | 0.134 | 166 | proxy |
| Birth registration and UndernourishmentLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.33) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Undernourishment by country | -0.67 | -0.33 | 0.154 | 146 | proxy |
| Birth registration and Religious attendanceLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.33) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Religious attendance by country | -0.60 | -0.33 | 0.282 | 94 | high |
| Birth registration and Divorce rateCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Divorce rate by country | +0.17 | +0.31 | 0.528 | 43 | independent |
| Birth registration and Secondary enrollmentLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.30) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Secondary enrollment by country | +0.66 | +0.30 | 0.168 | 161 | high |
| Birth registration and Aid givenAlmost no link either way. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Aid given by country | -0.08 | -0.29 | 0.109 | 44 | high |
| Birth registration and Family benefits spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Family benefits spending by country | +0.43 | +0.29 | 0.064 | 41 | independent |
| Birth registration and Retirement age, womenCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Retirement age, women by country | -0.33 | -0.29 | 0.505 | 47 | independent |
| Birth registration and Population growthCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Population growth by country | -0.49 | -0.29 | 0.227 | 166 | moderate |
| Birth registration and PISA mathsLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.29) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. PISA maths by country | +0.50 | +0.29 | 0.144 | 80 | high |
| Birth registration and Food insecurityLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.28) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Food insecurity by country | -0.69 | -0.28 | 0.144 | 137 | proxy |
| Birth registration and DTP3 immunisationLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.27) could easily be chance. DTP3 immunisation by country | +0.52 | +0.27 | 0.197 | 165 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Slum share of urban populationLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.27) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Slum share of urban population by country | -0.64 | -0.27 | 0.174 | 163 | high |
| Birth registration and Life expectancyLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.27) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Life expectancy by country | +0.68 | +0.27 | 0.106 | 166 | proxy |
| Birth registration and Vulnerable employmentLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.24) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Vulnerable employment by country | -0.68 | -0.24 | 0.092 | 159 | proxy |
| Birth registration and Retirement age, menCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Retirement age, men by country | -0.40 | -0.24 | 0.442 | 47 | independent |
| Birth registration and Confidence in religious institutionsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Confidence in religious institutions by country | -0.47 | -0.24 | 0.376 | 95 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Tertiary enrollmentLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.23) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Tertiary enrollment by country | +0.63 | +0.23 | 0.322 | 154 | high |
| Birth registration and Married by 18Linked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.23) could easily be chance. Married by 18 by country | -0.52 | -0.23 | 0.168 | 128 | moderate |
| Birth registration and PISA scienceCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. PISA science by country | +0.47 | +0.23 | 0.285 | 80 | high |
| Birth registration and Marriage rateCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Marriage rate by country | +0.22 | +0.23 | 0.446 | 44 | independent |
| Birth registration and Tuberculosis incidenceCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Tuberculosis incidence by country | -0.49 | -0.22 | 0.410 | 166 | high |
| Birth registration and Median ageLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.22) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Median age by country | +0.66 | +0.22 | 0.243 | 166 | proxy |
| Birth registration and Mean years of schoolingLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.22) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Mean years of schooling by country | +0.65 | +0.22 | 0.117 | 165 | proxy |
| Birth registration and RedistributionLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.22) could easily be chance. Redistribution by country | +0.59 | +0.22 | 0.544 | 43 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Public order spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Public order spending by country | -0.20 | +0.22 | 0.444 | 36 | high |
| Birth registration and Adult obesityCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Adult obesity by country | +0.35 | +0.22 | 0.241 | 164 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Adult literacyLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.21) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Adult literacy by country | +0.58 | +0.21 | 0.240 | 120 | high |
| Birth registration and Gender Inequality IndexLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.21) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Gender Inequality Index by country | -0.68 | -0.21 | 0.236 | 154 | proxy |
| Birth registration and Expected schoolingLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.20) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Expected schooling by country | +0.63 | +0.20 | 0.271 | 165 | proxy |
| Birth registration and Government expenseCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Government expense by country | +0.35 | +0.19 | 0.172 | 138 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Gender Development IndexLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.19) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Gender Development Index by country | +0.54 | +0.19 | 0.224 | 161 | high |
| Birth registration and Primary enrollmentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Primary enrollment by country | +0.12 | +0.19 | 0.315 | 165 | independent |
| Birth registration and Health spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Health spending by country | +0.27 | +0.19 | 0.183 | 165 | independent |
| Birth registration and PISA readingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. PISA reading by country | +0.45 | +0.19 | 0.344 | 80 | high |
| Birth registration and Out of school, primaryCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Out of school, primary by country | -0.45 | -0.18 | 0.109 | 161 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Government spending per capitaCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Government spending per capita by country | +0.40 | -0.17 | 0.544 | 42 | proxy |
| Birth registration and Compulsory schoolingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Compulsory schooling by country | +0.38 | +0.16 | 0.172 | 156 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Hospital bedsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Hospital beds by country | +0.46 | +0.16 | 0.088 | 151 | high |
| Birth registration and Life satisfactionLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.16) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Life satisfaction by country | +0.63 | +0.16 | 0.328 | 145 | proxy |
| Birth registration and Divorce rate (UN)Could easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Divorce rate (UN) by country | +0.11 | +0.16 | 0.141 | 76 | independent |
| Birth registration and Gini indexCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Gini index by country | -0.31 | -0.16 | 0.459 | 150 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Religion very importantCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Religion very important by country | -0.49 | -0.16 | 0.481 | 95 | high |
| Birth registration and Gender wage gapAlmost no link either way. Gender wage gap by country | +0.04 | +0.16 | 0.094 | 37 | independent |
| Birth registration and Tobacco useCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Tobacco use by country | +0.24 | +0.15 | 0.366 | 151 | independent |
| Birth registration and UrbanizationLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.15) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Urbanization by country | +0.54 | +0.15 | 0.381 | 166 | high |
| Birth registration and Female labor participationAlmost no link either way. Female labor participation by country | -0.09 | -0.15 | 0.143 | 159 | independent |
| Birth registration and Conflict deathsAlmost no link either way. Conflict deaths by country | +0.01 | +0.15 | 0.083 | 165 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Political stabilityCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Political stability by country | +0.48 | +0.15 | 0.243 | 165 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Women's age at first marriageCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Women's age at first marriage by country | +0.34 | +0.15 | 0.434 | 39 | moderate |
| Birth registration and PhysiciansLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.14) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Physicians by country | +0.60 | +0.14 | 0.262 | 165 | proxy |
| Birth registration and Tax revenueCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Tax revenue by country | +0.31 | +0.14 | 0.299 | 137 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Unemployment benefit spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Unemployment benefit spending by country | +0.22 | +0.13 | 0.177 | 38 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Military spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Military spending by country | +0.16 | +0.13 | 0.220 | 143 | independent |
| Birth registration and Informal employmentLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.12) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Informal employment by country | -0.64 | -0.12 | 0.419 | 130 | proxy |
| Birth registration and Children with one parentAlmost no link either way. Children with one parent by country | -0.05 | -0.12 | 0.834 | 37 | independent |
| Birth registration and Births outside marriageCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Births outside marriage by country | -0.14 | -0.12 | 0.782 | 41 | independent |
| Birth registration and Frequent prayerCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Frequent prayer by country | -0.47 | -0.11 | 0.514 | 69 | high |
| Birth registration and Armed conflict presentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Armed conflict present by country | -0.34 | -0.11 | 0.277 | 165 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Civil liberties (FH)Could easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Civil liberties (FH) by country | -0.41 | -0.11 | 0.705 | 164 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Age at childbearingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Age at childbearing by country | +0.25 | -0.11 | 0.359 | 166 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Environment scoreCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Environment score by country | -0.34 | -0.11 | 0.423 | 165 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Marriage rate (UN)Almost no link either way. Marriage rate (UN) by country | -0.08 | +0.11 | 0.658 | 83 | independent |
| Birth registration and ResearchersCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Researchers by country | +0.43 | -0.11 | 0.331 | 118 | proxy |
| Birth registration and Women's political empowermentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Women's political empowerment by country | +0.39 | +0.11 | 0.302 | 153 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Forest areaAlmost no link either way. Forest area by country | -0.05 | -0.11 | 0.328 | 166 | independent |
| Birth registration and Pre-trial detainee shareCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Pre-trial detainee share by country | -0.28 | -0.11 | 0.251 | 147 | independent |
| Birth registration and Population 65+Linked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.10) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Population 65+ by country | +0.55 | +0.10 | 0.405 | 166 | high |
| Birth registration and Labour scoreLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.10) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Labour score by country | +0.54 | +0.10 | 0.306 | 163 | high |
| Birth registration and Anaemia in womenLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.10) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Anaemia in women by country | -0.51 | -0.10 | 0.447 | 164 | high |
| Birth registration and Interpersonal trustCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Interpersonal trust by country | +0.29 | -0.10 | 0.163 | 95 | high |
| Birth registration and GDP growthCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. GDP growth by country | -0.20 | -0.10 | 0.472 | 166 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Political rights (FH)Could easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Political rights (FH) by country | -0.39 | -0.10 | 0.677 | 164 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Self-reported happinessCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Self-reported happiness by country | +0.27 | +0.09 | 0.822 | 95 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Homicide rateAlmost no link either way. Homicide rate by country | -0.01 | +0.09 | 0.385 | 142 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Road traffic deathsLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Road traffic deaths by country | -0.51 | -0.09 | 0.519 | 163 | high |
| Birth registration and Fixed broadbandLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Fixed broadband by country | +0.61 | +0.09 | 0.158 | 165 | proxy |
| Birth registration and Free and fair electionsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Free and fair elections by country | +0.47 | +0.08 | 0.601 | 153 | high |
| Birth registration and Christian shareAlmost no link either way. Christian share by country | -0.04 | -0.08 | 0.506 | 160 | independent |
| Birth registration and Agricultural landCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Agricultural land by country | -0.11 | +0.08 | 0.437 | 166 | independent |
| Birth registration and Suicide rateCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Suicide rate by country | +0.10 | -0.07 | 0.650 | 160 | independent |
| Birth registration and Migrant share of populationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Migrant share of population by country | +0.35 | -0.07 | 0.509 | 166 | high |
| Birth registration and Government consumptionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Government consumption by country | +0.13 | +0.07 | 0.379 | 152 | independent |
| Birth registration and Mobile subscriptionsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Mobile subscriptions by country | +0.33 | +0.07 | 0.415 | 165 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Trade opennessCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Trade openness by country | +0.26 | -0.06 | 0.543 | 152 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Voice and accountabilityCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Voice and accountability by country | +0.43 | +0.06 | 0.736 | 165 | moderate |
| Birth registration and One-person householdsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. One-person households by country | +0.43 | -0.06 | 0.433 | 140 | high |
| Birth registration and Civil society participationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Civil society participation by country | +0.11 | -0.06 | 0.694 | 153 | independent |
| Birth registration and Out-of-pocket health spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Out-of-pocket health spending by country | -0.21 | +0.06 | 0.674 | 165 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Alcohol consumptionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Alcohol consumption by country | +0.32 | -0.06 | 0.475 | 162 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Women in a unionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Women in a union by country | -0.30 | -0.05 | 0.715 | 164 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Corruption Perceptions IndexCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Corruption Perceptions Index by country | +0.47 | -0.05 | 0.829 | 155 | high |
| Birth registration and Male labor participationAlmost no link either way. Male labor participation by country | -0.05 | -0.05 | 0.769 | 159 | independent |
| Birth registration and Active labour market spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Active labour market spending by country | +0.30 | -0.05 | 0.831 | 41 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Premature NCD mortalityCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Premature NCD mortality by country | -0.48 | -0.05 | 0.791 | 160 | high |
| Birth registration and Regulatory qualityLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Regulatory quality by country | +0.52 | -0.05 | 0.853 | 165 | proxy |
| Birth registration and CO2 per capitaCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. CO2 per capita by country | +0.39 | -0.04 | 0.516 | 161 | proxy |
| Birth registration and Women in parliamentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Women in parliament by country | +0.16 | -0.04 | 0.562 | 164 | independent |
| Birth registration and Wellbeing scoreCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Wellbeing score by country | +0.47 | +0.04 | 0.880 | 95 | high |
| Birth registration and Rule of lawLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Rule of law by country | +0.50 | +0.04 | 0.882 | 165 | high |
| Birth registration and Muslim shareCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Muslim share by country | -0.13 | +0.04 | 0.809 | 160 | independent |
| Birth registration and Women ministersCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Women ministers by country | +0.19 | +0.04 | 0.782 | 164 | independent |
| Birth registration and Participatory democracyCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Participatory democracy by country | +0.38 | +0.04 | 0.882 | 153 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Corporate tax rateCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Corporate tax rate by country | -0.28 | -0.04 | 0.871 | 74 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Political corruptionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Political corruption by country | -0.44 | +0.03 | 0.871 | 153 | high |
| Birth registration and Gender scoreCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Gender score by country | +0.27 | +0.03 | 0.604 | 162 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Government effectivenessLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Government effectiveness by country | +0.55 | -0.03 | 0.888 | 165 | proxy |
| Birth registration and Youth not in work or studyCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Youth not in work or study by country | -0.38 | -0.03 | 0.796 | 157 | high |
| Birth registration and Electoral democracyCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Electoral democracy by country | +0.37 | +0.03 | 0.894 | 153 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Religiously unaffiliatedCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Religiously unaffiliated by country | +0.33 | +0.03 | 0.861 | 160 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Refugees originatingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Refugees originating by country | -0.20 | -0.02 | 0.857 | 164 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Health scoreCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Health score by country | +0.21 | +0.02 | 0.908 | 165 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Liberal democracyCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Liberal democracy by country | +0.39 | +0.02 | 0.948 | 153 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Regime typeCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Regime type by country | +0.37 | +0.02 | 0.916 | 153 | moderate |
| Birth registration and InflationAlmost no link either way. Inflation by country | -0.07 | +0.01 | 0.787 | 161 | independent |
| Birth registration and FDI inflowsAlmost no link either way. FDI inflows by country | +0.00 | -0.01 | 0.860 | 166 | independent |
| Birth registration and UnemploymentAlmost no link either way. Unemployment by country | -0.03 | +0.01 | 0.962 | 159 | independent |
| Birth registration and Freedom of associationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Freedom of association by country | +0.22 | +0.01 | 0.952 | 153 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Freedom of expressionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Freedom of expression by country | +0.17 | -0.01 | 0.959 | 153 | moderate |
| Birth registration and Hours workedCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Hours worked by country | -0.48 | -0.01 | 0.884 | 37 | high |
| Birth registration and Protected landCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Protected land by country | +0.14 | -0.01 | 0.949 | 165 | independent |
| Birth registration and Single-parent householdsAlmost no link either way. Single-parent households by country | -0.04 | +0.01 | 0.979 | 140 | independent |
| Birth registration and Control of corruptionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Control of corruption by country | +0.48 | -0.00 | 0.988 | 165 | high |
| Birth registration and Political civil libertiesCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Political civil liberties by country | +0.20 | -0.00 | 0.986 | 153 | moderate |
| Birth registration and GDP per capita (PPP)One side of this pair is national income itself, the thing the other figures adjust for. Adjusting income for income leaves nothing, so there is no adjusted figure. The unadjusted link shows how closely the other measure follows income. GDP per capita (PPP) by country | +0.50 | — | — | 166 | proxy |
| Birth registration and GNI per capita (PPP)One side of this pair is national income itself, the thing the other figures adjust for. Adjusting income for income leaves nothing, so there is no adjusted figure. The unadjusted link shows how closely the other measure follows income. GNI per capita (PPP) by country | +0.51 | — | — | 166 | proxy |
| Birth registration and GDP per capita (market)One side of this pair is national income itself, the thing the other figures adjust for. Adjusting income for income leaves nothing, so there is no adjusted figure. The unadjusted link shows how closely the other measure follows income. GDP per capita (market) by country | +0.41 | — | — | 166 | proxy |