Corruption Perceptions Index
Corruption Perceptions Index
Link with national income+0.72strongly income-linked
Links that hold up25of 158 pairs tested
Unitindex (0-100, higher = cleaner)higher is better
SourceCPICC BY-ND 4.0
What this measures. Measures how corrupt the public sector is believed to be, based on 13 surveys of experts and business people. Some of the same surveys feed the Worldwide Governance Indicators' Control of Corruption measure, so the two share ingredients.
How it has moved
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Every country, every year
One row per country and one column per year, sorted by the most recent value. Hover over any cell to see the figure. The country names link to each country’s page.
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Links that hold up
r is how closely two measures rise and fall together across countries, from −1 (opposite) to +1 (in step), where 0 means no link. These pairs are ranked by the link after adjusting for national income, which means comparing countries with the same GDP per person. Each pair passed three checks. The link held after that adjustment. It was unlikely to be chance (q of 0.05 or less), even allowing for countries in the same region being alike and for the many pairs tested. And the two are not just two measures of the same thing. Very small q values are written in short form: 8.0e-5 means 0.000080.
| Measure | Before adjusting | After adjusting | q | Countries | Tracks income? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Rule of lawWhere Corruption Perceptions Index is higher, Rule of law tends to be higher: a strong link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Rule of law by country | +0.95 | +0.90 | 0.000 | 175 | high |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Regulatory qualityWhere Corruption Perceptions Index is higher, Regulatory quality tends to be higher: a strong link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Regulatory quality by country | +0.91 | +0.81 | 0.007 | 175 | proxy |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Government effectivenessWhere Corruption Perceptions Index is higher, Government effectiveness tends to be higher: a strong link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Government effectiveness by country | +0.90 | +0.80 | 0.003 | 175 | proxy |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Voice and accountabilityWhere Corruption Perceptions Index is higher, Voice and accountability tends to be higher: a strong link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Voice and accountability by country | +0.82 | +0.70 | 0.011 | 175 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Liberal democracyWhere Corruption Perceptions Index is higher, Liberal democracy tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Liberal democracy by country | +0.74 | +0.61 | 0.019 | 168 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Civil liberties (FH)Where Corruption Perceptions Index is higher, Civil liberties (FH) tends to be lower: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Civil liberties (FH) by country | -0.72 | -0.59 | 0.008 | 175 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Free and fair electionsWhere Corruption Perceptions Index is higher, Free and fair elections tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Free and fair elections by country | +0.72 | +0.54 | 0.024 | 168 | high |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Political rights (FH)Where Corruption Perceptions Index is higher, Political rights (FH) tends to be lower: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Political rights (FH) by country | -0.68 | -0.54 | 0.010 | 175 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and ResearchersWhere Corruption Perceptions Index is higher, Researchers tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Researchers by country | +0.76 | +0.53 | 0.039 | 129 | proxy |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Electoral democracyWhere Corruption Perceptions Index is higher, Electoral democracy tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Electoral democracy by country | +0.65 | +0.51 | 0.036 | 168 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Interpersonal trustWhere Corruption Perceptions Index is higher, Interpersonal trust tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Interpersonal trust by country | +0.70 | +0.51 | 0.035 | 104 | high |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Regime typeWhere Corruption Perceptions Index is higher, Regime type tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Regime type by country | +0.62 | +0.46 | 0.027 | 168 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Family benefits spendingWhere Corruption Perceptions Index is higher, Family benefits spending tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Family benefits spending by country | +0.52 | +0.43 | 0.041 | 42 | independent |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Out-of-pocket health spendingWhere Corruption Perceptions Index is higher, Out-of-pocket health spending tends to be lower: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Out-of-pocket health spending by country | -0.55 | -0.42 | 0.040 | 172 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Tax revenueWhere Corruption Perceptions Index is higher, Tax revenue tends to be higher: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Tax revenue by country | +0.48 | +0.38 | 0.025 | 139 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Public order spendingWhere Corruption Perceptions Index is higher, Public order spending tends to be lower: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Public order spending by country | -0.66 | -0.37 | 0.022 | 37 | high |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Marriage rateWhere Corruption Perceptions Index is higher, Marriage rate tends to be lower: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Marriage rate by country | -0.28 | -0.34 | 0.041 | 46 | independent |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Hours workedWhere Corruption Perceptions Index is higher, Hours worked tends to be lower: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Hours worked by country | -0.65 | -0.32 | 0.009 | 38 | high |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Education spendingWhere Corruption Perceptions Index is higher, Education spending tends to be higher: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Education spending by country | +0.38 | +0.32 | 0.043 | 166 | independent |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Religiously unaffiliatedWhere Corruption Perceptions Index is higher, Religiously unaffiliated tends to be higher: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Religiously unaffiliated by country | +0.50 | +0.31 | 0.036 | 174 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Extreme poverty rateComparing only countries with similar income, Extreme poverty rate tends to be higher where Corruption Perceptions Index is higher: the opposite of the unadjusted figure, which only showed the income gap between countries. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Extreme poverty rate by country | -0.41 | +0.31 | 0.006 | 154 | proxy |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Fixed broadbandWhere Corruption Perceptions Index is higher, Fixed broadband tends to be higher: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Fixed broadband by country | +0.70 | +0.30 | 0.042 | 174 | proxy |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Expected schoolingWhere Corruption Perceptions Index is higher, Expected schooling tends to be higher: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Expected schooling by country | +0.68 | +0.28 | 0.046 | 173 | proxy |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Electricity accessComparing only countries with similar income, Electricity access tends to be lower where Corruption Perceptions Index is higher: the opposite of the unadjusted figure, which only showed the income gap between countries. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Electricity access by country | +0.43 | -0.25 | 0.040 | 174 | high |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Youth not in work or studyWhere Corruption Perceptions Index is higher, Youth not in work or study tends to be lower: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Youth not in work or study by country | -0.48 | -0.16 | 0.041 | 160 | high |
Links that don’t count as findings
These go together strongly, but they are built from the same numbers or measure the same thing. So they are bound to match, or their match shows that the measures agree, not something about the world.
| Measure | Before adjusting | After adjusting | q | Countries | Tracks income? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Control of corruptionTwo ways of measuring the same thing, so their agreement tells you about measurement, not about the world. Control of corruption by country | +0.99 | +0.98 | 1.0e-5 | 175 | high |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Political corruptionNot an independent finding: one of these indices is built partly from the other, so their agreement is just arithmetic. Political corruption by country | -0.90 | -0.82 | 0.000 | 168 | high |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Governance scoreNot an independent finding: one of these indices is built partly from the other, so their agreement is just arithmetic. Governance score by country | +0.71 | +0.58 | 0.024 | 169 | moderate |
How much the other measures account for
The 71 most widely reported measures boil down to a few broad patterns. This table shows how much of the differences between countries on this measure those patterns account for, adding one pattern at a time. The patterns are rebuilt without this measure, and without anything built from the same numbers or measuring the same thing. So it never predicts itself under another name. The figures use the 129 countries reporting all of them, and 70 candidate measures.
This shows how much it moves with the others. It does not explain anything. Measures that move together end up on the same pattern whether or not anything connects them. And the countries here are the best-documented ones. A high figure means this measure is largely predictable from the others, not that they produce it.
| Patterns used | Share of this measure accounted for | Added by this pattern |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 57% | — |
| 2 | 65% | +8% |
| 3 | 87% | +22% |
| 4 | 87% | +1% |
| 5 | 88% | +1% |
| 6 | 88% | +0% |
How it differs by category
This compares the measure across groups of countries, such as those sharing a main religion, instead of against another number. The figure is the share of the differences between countries on this measure that lies between the groups, on a scale from 0 to 1. It is shown before and after adjusting for national income.
The “between groups” figure runs from 0 (the groups are no different) to 1 (the groups explain all the differences between countries). Groups have no up or down, so this says how much the groups differ, never which way. For that, read the group averages. The figure also tends to rise when there are more groups. So to judge whether it could be chance (q), we shuffle the same labels among the same countries many times and see how often a figure this big turns up. Then we allow for the fact that many measures are checked at once, since with enough checks a few big figures turn up by luck alone. Groups with fewer than 12 countries are left out. And countries that share a label share a lot else. Adjusting for income rules out one third factor, but leaves language, region, legal tradition and history untouched.
| Grouped by | Between groups | After income | q | Groups at each end |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Last European coloniser | 0.38 | 0.36 | 0.006 | best: United Kingdom 45.8 · worst: France 29.7 index (0-100, higher = cleaner) |
| Largest religious group | 0.33 | 0.28 | 0.005 | best: Christians 46.4 · worst: Muslims 33.7 index (0-100, higher = cleaner) |
Every other pair
Everything else this measure was tested against, apart from the links that hold up and the pairs built from the same numbers. Sorted by the link after adjusting. Search by name; every column sorts. A small adjusted figure is a result too. It says the two do not move together once income is set aside.
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| Corruption Perceptions Index and Political stabilityLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.52) could easily be chance. Political stability by country | +0.73 | +0.52 | 0.059 | 175 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Participatory democracyComparing only countries with similar income it is still +0.52, but that could easily be chance once we allow for countries in the same region being alike. Participatory democracy by country | +0.66 | +0.52 | 0.057 | 168 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Civil society participationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Civil society participation by country | +0.50 | +0.51 | 0.064 | 168 | independent |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Women's political empowermentComparing only countries with similar income it is still +0.47, but that could easily be chance once we allow for countries in the same region being alike. Women's political empowerment by country | +0.61 | +0.47 | 0.050 | 168 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Freedom of expressionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Freedom of expression by country | +0.48 | +0.45 | 0.090 | 168 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Political civil libertiesCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Political civil liberties by country | +0.50 | +0.44 | 0.067 | 168 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Age at childbearingLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.42) could easily be chance. Age at childbearing by country | +0.57 | +0.42 | 0.062 | 175 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Freedom of associationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Freedom of association by country | +0.46 | +0.39 | 0.088 | 168 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Gender scoreCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Gender score by country | +0.49 | +0.39 | 0.219 | 171 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Wellbeing scoreLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.38) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Wellbeing score by country | +0.72 | +0.38 | 0.163 | 104 | high |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Women ministersCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Women ministers by country | +0.39 | +0.36 | 0.371 | 172 | independent |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Gender Inequality IndexLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.35) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Gender Inequality Index by country | -0.74 | -0.35 | 0.077 | 165 | proxy |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Births outside marriageCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Births outside marriage by country | +0.19 | +0.35 | 0.192 | 42 | independent |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Female labor participationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Female labor participation by country | +0.27 | +0.34 | 0.106 | 171 | independent |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Women's age at first marriageLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.32) could easily be chance. Women's age at first marriage by country | +0.53 | +0.32 | 0.211 | 40 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Aid givenLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.32) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Aid given by country | +0.63 | +0.32 | 0.121 | 47 | high |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Retirement age, womenCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Retirement age, women by country | +0.13 | +0.32 | 0.105 | 49 | independent |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and PISA scienceLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.31) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. PISA science by country | +0.73 | +0.31 | 0.359 | 85 | high |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and One-person householdsLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.30) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. One-person households by country | +0.64 | +0.30 | 0.064 | 139 | high |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Health scoreCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Health score by country | +0.38 | +0.29 | 0.204 | 172 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Trust in governmentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Trust in government by country | +0.39 | +0.28 | 0.151 | 47 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Muslim shareCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Muslim share by country | -0.35 | -0.27 | 0.268 | 174 | independent |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Environment scoreAlmost no link either way. Environment score by country | -0.10 | +0.27 | 0.238 | 174 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Informal employmentLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.26) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Informal employment by country | -0.72 | -0.26 | 0.386 | 131 | proxy |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and PISA mathsLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.26) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. PISA maths by country | +0.71 | +0.26 | 0.446 | 85 | high |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Religion very importantLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.26) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Religion very important by country | -0.59 | -0.26 | 0.292 | 104 | high |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and PISA readingLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.26) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. PISA reading by country | +0.71 | +0.26 | 0.440 | 85 | high |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Retirement age, menAlmost no link either way. Retirement age, men by country | -0.07 | +0.24 | 0.195 | 49 | independent |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Basic sanitationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Basic sanitation by country | +0.48 | -0.24 | 0.193 | 173 | high |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Confidence in religious institutionsLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.24) could easily be chance. Confidence in religious institutions by country | -0.50 | -0.24 | 0.080 | 104 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Health spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Health spending by country | +0.37 | +0.23 | 0.156 | 172 | independent |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Government consumptionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Government consumption by country | +0.31 | +0.23 | 0.171 | 162 | independent |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Population 65+Linked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.22) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Population 65+ by country | +0.62 | +0.22 | 0.122 | 175 | high |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Adult obesityCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Adult obesity by country | +0.19 | -0.22 | 0.222 | 173 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Children with one parentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Children with one parent by country | +0.22 | +0.22 | 0.472 | 38 | independent |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Public social spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Public social spending by country | +0.48 | +0.22 | 0.155 | 42 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and DTP3 immunisationLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.21) could easily be chance. DTP3 immunisation by country | +0.50 | +0.21 | 0.423 | 172 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Alcohol consumptionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Alcohol consumption by country | +0.47 | +0.21 | 0.171 | 172 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Gender wage gapAlmost no link either way. Gender wage gap by country | +0.07 | +0.21 | 0.518 | 38 | independent |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Secondary enrollmentLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.20) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Secondary enrollment by country | +0.65 | +0.20 | 0.126 | 167 | high |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Adult literacyCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Adult literacy by country | +0.35 | -0.20 | 0.064 | 122 | high |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Armed conflict presentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Armed conflict present by country | -0.42 | -0.19 | 0.188 | 173 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Recycling rateCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Recycling rate by country | +0.48 | +0.19 | 0.272 | 35 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Women in parliamentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Women in parliament by country | +0.28 | +0.19 | 0.435 | 172 | independent |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Active labour market spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Active labour market spending by country | +0.47 | +0.18 | 0.458 | 42 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Protected landCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Protected land by country | +0.28 | +0.18 | 0.405 | 174 | independent |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Basic water accessCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Basic water access by country | +0.49 | -0.18 | 0.147 | 173 | proxy |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Migrant share of populationLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.18) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Migrant share of population by country | +0.51 | +0.18 | 0.134 | 174 | high |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Anaemia in womenLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.18) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Anaemia in women by country | -0.57 | -0.18 | 0.115 | 171 | high |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Marriage rate (UN)Could easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Marriage rate (UN) by country | -0.29 | -0.17 | 0.444 | 92 | independent |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Government expenseCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Government expense by country | +0.44 | +0.17 | 0.304 | 139 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Divorce rate (UN)Could easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Divorce rate (UN) by country | -0.10 | -0.17 | 0.082 | 84 | independent |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Market-income GiniCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Market-income Gini by country | -0.24 | +0.17 | 0.410 | 45 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Frequent prayerLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.16) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Frequent prayer by country | -0.55 | -0.16 | 0.351 | 75 | high |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Life expectancyLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.16) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Life expectancy by country | +0.66 | +0.16 | 0.306 | 175 | proxy |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and HDILinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.16) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. HDI by country | +0.70 | +0.16 | 0.212 | 173 | proxy |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and InflationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Inflation by country | -0.20 | -0.16 | 0.096 | 172 | independent |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Premature NCD mortalityLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.15) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Premature NCD mortality by country | -0.55 | -0.15 | 0.498 | 172 | high |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Primary enrollmentAlmost no link either way. Primary enrollment by country | +0.07 | +0.15 | 0.389 | 171 | independent |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Christian shareCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Christian share by country | +0.13 | +0.15 | 0.458 | 174 | independent |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Suicide rateCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Suicide rate by country | +0.26 | +0.15 | 0.238 | 172 | independent |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Trade opennessCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Trade openness by country | +0.39 | +0.14 | 0.091 | 161 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Corporate tax rateCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Corporate tax rate by country | -0.14 | +0.14 | 0.446 | 80 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Self-reported happinessCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Self-reported happiness by country | +0.32 | +0.14 | 0.297 | 104 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Primary completionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Primary completion by country | +0.48 | -0.14 | 0.492 | 154 | proxy |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Women in a unionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Women in a union by country | -0.36 | -0.14 | 0.108 | 173 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Government spending per capitaLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.14) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Government spending per capita by country | +0.71 | +0.14 | 0.580 | 43 | proxy |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Road traffic deathsLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.13) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Road traffic deaths by country | -0.56 | -0.13 | 0.419 | 172 | high |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Tobacco useAlmost no link either way. Tobacco use by country | +0.07 | -0.13 | 0.543 | 154 | independent |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Internet usersLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.13) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Internet users by country | +0.59 | -0.13 | 0.325 | 175 | proxy |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Median ageLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.11) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Median age by country | +0.64 | +0.11 | 0.615 | 175 | proxy |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Gini indexCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Gini index by country | -0.29 | -0.11 | 0.561 | 154 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and CO2 per capitaCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. CO2 per capita by country | +0.36 | -0.11 | 0.528 | 172 | proxy |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Equality scoreCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Equality score by country | +0.43 | -0.10 | 0.493 | 154 | high |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Refugees originatingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Refugees originating by country | -0.25 | -0.10 | 0.433 | 173 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Life satisfactionLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.10) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Life satisfaction by country | +0.63 | +0.10 | 0.651 | 158 | proxy |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Adolescent fertilityLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Adolescent fertility by country | -0.59 | -0.10 | 0.693 | 175 | proxy |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Religious attendanceLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Religious attendance by country | -0.53 | -0.10 | 0.642 | 102 | high |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Married by 18Could easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Married by 18 by country | -0.42 | -0.10 | 0.438 | 128 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Labour scoreLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Labour score by country | +0.56 | +0.09 | 0.657 | 173 | high |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Maternal mortalityCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Maternal mortality by country | -0.46 | +0.09 | 0.636 | 173 | proxy |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Hospital bedsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Hospital beds by country | +0.31 | -0.09 | 0.780 | 161 | high |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Forest areaCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Forest area by country | +0.11 | +0.09 | 0.721 | 173 | independent |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Inequality-adjusted HDILinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Inequality-adjusted HDI by country | +0.71 | +0.09 | 0.536 | 158 | proxy |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Agricultural landCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Agricultural land by country | -0.25 | -0.08 | 0.554 | 174 | independent |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and UnemploymentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Unemployment by country | -0.11 | -0.08 | 0.657 | 171 | independent |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and FDI inflowsAlmost no link either way. FDI inflows by country | -0.04 | -0.08 | 0.450 | 174 | independent |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Military spendingAlmost no link either way. Military spending by country | +0.01 | -0.08 | 0.642 | 155 | independent |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Tuberculosis incidenceCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Tuberculosis incidence by country | -0.42 | -0.07 | 0.718 | 174 | high |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Out of school, primaryCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Out of school, primary by country | -0.39 | -0.07 | 0.719 | 166 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Conflict deathsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Conflict deaths by country | -0.13 | -0.07 | 0.234 | 173 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Food insecurityLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Food insecurity by country | -0.60 | +0.06 | 0.847 | 146 | proxy |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Unemployment benefit spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Unemployment benefit spending by country | +0.15 | -0.06 | 0.787 | 39 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Homicide rateCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Homicide rate by country | -0.15 | -0.06 | 0.574 | 151 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Education scoreLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Education score by country | +0.61 | +0.06 | 0.787 | 172 | proxy |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Population 0-14Linked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Population 0-14 by country | -0.63 | -0.06 | 0.800 | 175 | proxy |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Tertiary enrollmentLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Tertiary enrollment by country | +0.56 | +0.05 | 0.707 | 160 | high |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Divorce rateCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Divorce rate by country | -0.12 | -0.05 | 0.878 | 45 | independent |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and HIV prevalenceCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. HIV prevalence by country | -0.13 | +0.05 | 0.362 | 144 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Birth registrationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Birth registration by country | +0.47 | -0.05 | 0.829 | 155 | proxy |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and PhysiciansLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Physicians by country | +0.57 | +0.05 | 0.727 | 172 | proxy |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Population growthCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Population growth by country | -0.33 | +0.05 | 0.780 | 175 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Pupil-teacher ratioLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Pupil-teacher ratio by country | -0.54 | +0.05 | 0.763 | 162 | proxy |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Child stuntingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Child stunting by country | -0.50 | +0.05 | 0.789 | 147 | proxy |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Compulsory schoolingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Compulsory schooling by country | +0.26 | -0.04 | 0.580 | 164 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Health coverage indexLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Health coverage index by country | +0.63 | +0.04 | 0.815 | 172 | proxy |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Vulnerable employmentLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Vulnerable employment by country | -0.59 | +0.04 | 0.804 | 171 | proxy |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Gender Development IndexCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Gender Development Index by country | +0.49 | +0.04 | 0.873 | 168 | high |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Old-age spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Old-age spending by country | +0.11 | -0.04 | 0.874 | 42 | independent |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Under-5 mortalityLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Under-5 mortality by country | -0.54 | +0.04 | 0.833 | 173 | proxy |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Mobile subscriptionsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Mobile subscriptions by country | +0.32 | +0.04 | 0.815 | 175 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Infrastructure scoreLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Infrastructure score by country | +0.65 | +0.03 | 0.819 | 174 | proxy |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Women in managementCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Women in management by country | +0.23 | +0.03 | 0.903 | 139 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Fertility rateLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Fertility rate by country | -0.57 | +0.03 | 0.889 | 175 | proxy |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Skilled birth attendanceCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Skilled birth attendance by country | +0.48 | +0.02 | 0.939 | 164 | high |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and UndernourishmentLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Undernourishment by country | -0.51 | +0.02 | 0.926 | 159 | proxy |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Birth rateLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Birth rate by country | -0.60 | +0.02 | 0.934 | 175 | proxy |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Slum share of urban populationLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Slum share of urban population by country | -0.54 | -0.02 | 0.939 | 167 | high |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Single-parent householdsAlmost no link either way. Single-parent households by country | -0.04 | +0.02 | 0.908 | 139 | independent |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and RedistributionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Redistribution by country | +0.46 | -0.01 | 0.812 | 45 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Employment in agricultureLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Employment in agriculture by country | -0.59 | +0.01 | 0.965 | 171 | proxy |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Male labor participationAlmost no link either way. Male labor participation by country | +0.00 | +0.01 | 0.960 | 171 | independent |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and GDP growthCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. GDP growth by country | -0.13 | +0.01 | 0.982 | 175 | moderate |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Mean years of schoolingLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Mean years of schooling by country | +0.60 | +0.01 | 0.979 | 173 | proxy |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Infant mortalityLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Infant mortality by country | -0.57 | -0.00 | 0.985 | 173 | proxy |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and Pre-trial detainee shareCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Pre-trial detainee share by country | -0.22 | -0.00 | 0.989 | 157 | independent |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and UrbanizationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Urbanization by country | +0.48 | -0.00 | 0.992 | 175 | high |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and GDP per capita (PPP)One side of this pair is national income itself, the thing the other figures adjust for. Adjusting income for income leaves nothing, so there is no adjusted figure. The unadjusted link shows how closely the other measure follows income. GDP per capita (PPP) by country | +0.73 | — | — | 175 | proxy |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and GNI per capita (PPP)One side of this pair is national income itself, the thing the other figures adjust for. Adjusting income for income leaves nothing, so there is no adjusted figure. The unadjusted link shows how closely the other measure follows income. GNI per capita (PPP) by country | +0.75 | — | — | 175 | proxy |
| Corruption Perceptions Index and GDP per capita (market)One side of this pair is national income itself, the thing the other figures adjust for. Adjusting income for income leaves nothing, so there is no adjusted figure. The unadjusted link shows how closely the other measure follows income. GDP per capita (market) by country | +0.76 | — | — | 175 | proxy |
Source
Transparency International · via Our World in Data
CC BY-ND 4.0 · licence terms · updated annual · no-derivatives licence: values are shown unaltered
Transparency International, Corruption Perceptions Index