Physicians
Physicians (per 1,000 people)
Link with national income+0.85essentially a measure of national income
Links that hold up19of 158 pairs tested
Unitper 1,000 peoplehigher is better
SourceWDICC BY 4.0
What this measures. Reported irregularly, so the latest value in the time window used is from a different year for different countries. Hospital beds, already on the site, have no "better" direction, since more beds is not plainly better. More doctors is closer to plainly better, so a direction is set on that basis.
How it has moved
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Every country, every year
One row per country and one column per year, sorted by the most recent value. Hover over any cell to see the figure. The country names link to each country’s page.
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Links that hold up
r is how closely two measures rise and fall together across countries, from −1 (opposite) to +1 (in step), where 0 means no link. These pairs are ranked by the link after adjusting for national income, which means comparing countries with the same GDP per person. Each pair passed three checks. The link held after that adjustment. It was unlikely to be chance (q of 0.05 or less), even allowing for countries in the same region being alike and for the many pairs tested. And the two are not just two measures of the same thing. Very small q values are written in short form: 8.0e-5 means 0.000080.
| Measure | Before adjusting | After adjusting | q | Countries | Tracks income? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Physicians and Old-age spendingWhere Physicians is higher, Old-age spending tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Old-age spending by country | +0.57 | +0.55 | 0.004 | 42 | independent |
| Physicians and Fixed broadbandWhere Physicians is higher, Fixed broadband tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Fixed broadband by country | +0.84 | +0.55 | 0.010 | 186 | proxy |
| Physicians and Population 65+Where Physicians is higher, Population 65+ tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Population 65+ by country | +0.78 | +0.50 | 0.012 | 186 | high |
| Physicians and Gender Inequality IndexWhere Physicians is higher, Gender Inequality Index tends to be lower: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Gender Inequality Index by country | -0.84 | -0.49 | 0.008 | 169 | proxy |
| Physicians and Median ageWhere Physicians is higher, Median age tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Median age by country | +0.82 | +0.48 | 0.034 | 186 | proxy |
| Physicians and Tertiary enrollmentWhere Physicians is higher, Tertiary enrollment tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Tertiary enrollment by country | +0.76 | +0.44 | 0.021 | 170 | high |
| Physicians and Informal employmentWhere Physicians is higher, Informal employment tends to be lower: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Informal employment by country | -0.82 | -0.43 | 0.031 | 140 | proxy |
| Physicians and Public social spendingWhere Physicians is higher, Public social spending tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Public social spending by country | +0.52 | +0.42 | 0.021 | 42 | moderate |
| Physicians and HDIWhere Physicians is higher, HDI tends to be higher: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. HDI by country | +0.82 | +0.38 | 0.027 | 186 | proxy |
| Physicians and Trust in governmentWhere Physicians is higher, Trust in government tends to be lower: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Trust in government by country | -0.13 | -0.36 | 0.047 | 47 | moderate |
| Physicians and Infrastructure scoreWhere Physicians is higher, Infrastructure score tends to be higher: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Infrastructure score by country | +0.80 | +0.35 | 0.008 | 186 | proxy |
| Physicians and Religion very importantWhere Physicians is higher, Religion very important tends to be lower: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Religion very important by country | -0.65 | -0.34 | 0.003 | 103 | high |
| Physicians and RedistributionWhere Physicians is higher, Redistribution tends to be higher: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Redistribution by country | +0.56 | +0.33 | 0.024 | 45 | moderate |
| Physicians and Expected schoolingWhere Physicians is higher, Expected schooling tends to be higher: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Expected schooling by country | +0.74 | +0.32 | 0.025 | 186 | proxy |
| Physicians and Religious attendanceWhere Physicians is higher, Religious attendance tends to be lower: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Religious attendance by country | -0.66 | -0.32 | 0.024 | 101 | high |
| Physicians and Life expectancyWhere Physicians is higher, Life expectancy tends to be higher: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Life expectancy by country | +0.76 | +0.28 | 0.014 | 186 | proxy |
| Physicians and Women's political empowermentWhere Physicians is higher, Women's political empowerment tends to be higher: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Women's political empowerment by country | +0.47 | +0.21 | 0.047 | 166 | moderate |
| Physicians and Pupil-teacher ratioWhere Physicians is higher, Pupil-teacher ratio tends to be lower: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Pupil-teacher ratio by country | -0.69 | -0.20 | 0.007 | 172 | proxy |
| Physicians and Conflict deathsComparing only countries with similar income, Conflict deaths tends to be higher where Physicians is higher: the opposite of the unadjusted figure, which only showed the income gap between countries. Conflict deaths by country | -0.01 | +0.17 | 0.001 | 186 | moderate |
Links that don’t count as findings
These go together strongly, but they are built from the same numbers or measure the same thing. So they are bound to match, or their match shows that the measures agree, not something about the world.
| Measure | Before adjusting | After adjusting | q | Countries | Tracks income? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Physicians and Health scoreNot an independent finding: one of these indices is built partly from the other, so their agreement is just arithmetic. Health score by country | +0.31 | +0.12 | 0.373 | 186 | moderate |
How much the other measures account for
The 71 most widely reported measures boil down to a few broad patterns. This table shows how much of the differences between countries on this measure those patterns account for, adding one pattern at a time. The patterns are rebuilt without this measure, and without anything built from the same numbers or measuring the same thing. So it never predicts itself under another name. The figures use the 133 countries reporting all of them, and 70 candidate measures.
This shows how much it moves with the others. It does not explain anything. Measures that move together end up on the same pattern whether or not anything connects them. And the countries here are the best-documented ones. A high figure means this measure is largely predictable from the others, not that they produce it.
| Patterns used | Share of this measure accounted for | Added by this pattern |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 65% | — |
| 2 | 65% | +0% |
| 3 | 66% | +1% |
| 4 | 66% | +0% |
| 5 | 69% | +3% |
| 6 | 69% | +0% |
This measure sits on the pattern all the measures share, which is national income under another name.
How it differs by category
This compares the measure across groups of countries, such as those sharing a main religion, instead of against another number. The figure is the share of the differences between countries on this measure that lies between the groups, on a scale from 0 to 1. It is shown before and after adjusting for national income.
The “between groups” figure runs from 0 (the groups are no different) to 1 (the groups explain all the differences between countries). Groups have no up or down, so this says how much the groups differ, never which way. For that, read the group averages. The figure also tends to rise when there are more groups. So to judge whether it could be chance (q), we shuffle the same labels among the same countries many times and see how often a figure this big turns up. Then we allow for the fact that many measures are checked at once, since with enough checks a few big figures turn up by luck alone. Groups with fewer than 12 countries are left out. And countries that share a label share a lot else. Adjusting for income rules out one third factor, but leaves language, region, legal tradition and history untouched.
| Grouped by | Between groups | After income | q | Groups at each end |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Last European coloniser | 0.42 | 0.29 | 0.043 | best: Never a European colony 2.3 · worst: France 0.493 per 1,000 people |
| Largest religious group | 0.24 | 0.17 | 0.067 | best: Christians 2.24 · worst: Muslims 1.36 per 1,000 people |
Every other pair
Everything else this measure was tested against, apart from the links that hold up and the pairs built from the same numbers. Sorted by the link after adjusting. Search by name; every column sorts. A small adjusted figure is a result too. It says the two do not move together once income is set aside.
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| Physicians and Inequality-adjusted HDILinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.46) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Inequality-adjusted HDI by country | +0.85 | +0.46 | 0.065 | 166 | proxy |
| Physicians and Alcohol consumptionLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.36) could easily be chance. Alcohol consumption by country | +0.58 | +0.36 | 0.085 | 182 | moderate |
| Physicians and Health spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Health spending by country | +0.33 | +0.32 | 0.104 | 186 | independent |
| Physicians and Hospital bedsLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.31) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Hospital beds by country | +0.57 | +0.31 | 0.192 | 171 | high |
| Physicians and Women's age at first marriageCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Women's age at first marriage by country | +0.34 | +0.31 | 0.187 | 40 | moderate |
| Physicians and Population 0-14Linked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.31) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Population 0-14 by country | -0.78 | -0.31 | 0.124 | 186 | proxy |
| Physicians and Tobacco useCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Tobacco use by country | +0.33 | +0.29 | 0.171 | 164 | independent |
| Physicians and Divorce rate (UN)Could easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Divorce rate (UN) by country | +0.25 | +0.29 | 0.078 | 86 | independent |
| Physicians and One-person householdsLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.29) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. One-person households by country | +0.67 | +0.29 | 0.089 | 142 | high |
| Physicians and Child stuntingLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.28) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Child stunting by country | -0.69 | -0.28 | 0.165 | 155 | proxy |
| Physicians and Birth rateLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.27) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Birth rate by country | -0.76 | -0.27 | 0.094 | 186 | proxy |
| Physicians and Mean years of schoolingLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.27) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Mean years of schooling by country | +0.74 | +0.27 | 0.107 | 186 | proxy |
| Physicians and Retirement age, womenCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Retirement age, women by country | -0.29 | -0.26 | 0.372 | 49 | independent |
| Physicians and Retirement age, menCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Retirement age, men by country | -0.37 | -0.25 | 0.319 | 49 | independent |
| Physicians and Infant mortalityLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.24) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Infant mortality by country | -0.72 | -0.24 | 0.121 | 186 | proxy |
| Physicians and Anaemia in womenLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.23) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Anaemia in women by country | -0.62 | -0.23 | 0.265 | 185 | high |
| Physicians and Education scoreLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.23) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Education score by country | +0.72 | +0.23 | 0.075 | 184 | proxy |
| Physicians and Active labour market spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Active labour market spending by country | +0.36 | +0.23 | 0.092 | 42 | moderate |
| Physicians and Frequent prayerLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.23) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Frequent prayer by country | -0.60 | -0.23 | 0.060 | 75 | high |
| Physicians and ResearchersLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.23) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Researchers by country | +0.63 | +0.23 | 0.255 | 128 | proxy |
| Physicians and Health coverage indexLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.22) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Health coverage index by country | +0.75 | +0.22 | 0.264 | 186 | proxy |
| Physicians and Unemployment benefit spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Unemployment benefit spending by country | +0.25 | +0.22 | 0.266 | 39 | moderate |
| Physicians and Regime typeLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.22) could easily be chance. Regime type by country | +0.51 | +0.22 | 0.092 | 166 | moderate |
| Physicians and Gini indexCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Gini index by country | -0.35 | -0.22 | 0.281 | 162 | moderate |
| Physicians and Participatory democracyLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.21) could easily be chance. Participatory democracy by country | +0.50 | +0.21 | 0.182 | 166 | moderate |
| Physicians and Food insecurityLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.21) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Food insecurity by country | -0.74 | -0.21 | 0.238 | 155 | proxy |
| Physicians and Slum share of urban populationLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.20) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Slum share of urban population by country | -0.66 | -0.20 | 0.089 | 178 | high |
| Physicians and Road traffic deathsLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.20) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Road traffic deaths by country | -0.61 | -0.20 | 0.360 | 183 | high |
| Physicians and Christian shareCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Christian share by country | +0.14 | +0.20 | 0.299 | 177 | independent |
| Physicians and Gender scoreCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Gender score by country | +0.39 | +0.20 | 0.182 | 179 | moderate |
| Physicians and Confidence in religious institutionsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Confidence in religious institutions by country | -0.49 | -0.20 | 0.414 | 103 | moderate |
| Physicians and Agricultural landAlmost no link either way. Agricultural land by country | -0.08 | +0.20 | 0.336 | 186 | independent |
| Physicians and Voice and accountabilityLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.20) could easily be chance. Voice and accountability by country | +0.54 | +0.20 | 0.205 | 186 | moderate |
| Physicians and Adult literacyLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.20) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Adult literacy by country | +0.62 | +0.20 | 0.287 | 131 | high |
| Physicians and Liberal democracyLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.20) could easily be chance. Liberal democracy by country | +0.53 | +0.20 | 0.273 | 166 | moderate |
| Physicians and Electoral democracyCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Electoral democracy by country | +0.49 | +0.20 | 0.193 | 166 | moderate |
| Physicians and Adolescent fertilityLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.20) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Adolescent fertility by country | -0.67 | -0.20 | 0.156 | 186 | proxy |
| Physicians and Tuberculosis incidenceLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.19) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Tuberculosis incidence by country | -0.51 | -0.19 | 0.141 | 186 | high |
| Physicians and HIV prevalenceCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. HIV prevalence by country | -0.29 | -0.19 | 0.487 | 148 | moderate |
| Physicians and Governance scoreCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Governance score by country | +0.50 | +0.19 | 0.407 | 169 | moderate |
| Physicians and Family benefits spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Family benefits spending by country | +0.28 | +0.18 | 0.313 | 42 | independent |
| Physicians and Corporate tax rateCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Corporate tax rate by country | -0.11 | +0.18 | 0.371 | 80 | moderate |
| Physicians and Compulsory schoolingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Compulsory schooling by country | +0.40 | +0.17 | 0.057 | 176 | moderate |
| Physicians and Life satisfactionLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.17) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Life satisfaction by country | +0.70 | +0.17 | 0.508 | 157 | proxy |
| Physicians and Under-5 mortalityLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.17) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Under-5 mortality by country | -0.68 | -0.17 | 0.200 | 186 | proxy |
| Physicians and Vulnerable employmentLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.17) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Vulnerable employment by country | -0.72 | -0.17 | 0.121 | 173 | proxy |
| Physicians and Basic sanitationLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.17) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Basic sanitation by country | +0.68 | +0.17 | 0.183 | 185 | high |
| Physicians and Free and fair electionsLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.17) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Free and fair elections by country | +0.54 | +0.17 | 0.220 | 166 | high |
| Physicians and Labour scoreLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.17) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Labour score by country | +0.63 | +0.17 | 0.452 | 181 | high |
| Physicians and Youth not in work or studyLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.17) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Youth not in work or study by country | -0.52 | -0.17 | 0.131 | 168 | high |
| Physicians and Government expenseCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Government expense by country | +0.33 | +0.16 | 0.328 | 150 | moderate |
| Physicians and Political rights (FH)Could easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Political rights (FH) by country | -0.45 | -0.16 | 0.273 | 185 | moderate |
| Physicians and PISA mathsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. PISA maths by country | +0.50 | +0.16 | 0.465 | 84 | high |
| Physicians and Civil liberties (FH)Could easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Civil liberties (FH) by country | -0.45 | -0.16 | 0.273 | 185 | moderate |
| Physicians and Women in parliamentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Women in parliament by country | +0.28 | +0.16 | 0.277 | 185 | independent |
| Physicians and InflationAlmost no link either way. Inflation by country | +0.00 | +0.16 | 0.229 | 182 | independent |
| Physicians and PISA readingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. PISA reading by country | +0.50 | +0.16 | 0.300 | 84 | high |
| Physicians and Refugees originatingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Refugees originating by country | -0.10 | +0.15 | 0.128 | 184 | moderate |
| Physicians and Married by 18Linked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.15) could easily be chance. Married by 18 by country | -0.55 | -0.15 | 0.198 | 134 | moderate |
| Physicians and Fertility rateLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.15) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Fertility rate by country | -0.70 | -0.15 | 0.196 | 186 | proxy |
| Physicians and Tax revenueCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Tax revenue by country | +0.33 | +0.15 | 0.368 | 150 | moderate |
| Physicians and Religiously unaffiliatedCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Religiously unaffiliated by country | +0.42 | +0.15 | 0.325 | 177 | moderate |
| Physicians and Forest areaAlmost no link either way. Forest area by country | -0.05 | -0.15 | 0.509 | 186 | independent |
| Physicians and Freedom of associationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Freedom of association by country | +0.32 | +0.15 | 0.400 | 166 | moderate |
| Physicians and Divorce rateCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Divorce rate by country | +0.11 | +0.15 | 0.142 | 45 | independent |
| Physicians and Political civil libertiesCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Political civil liberties by country | +0.31 | +0.14 | 0.412 | 166 | moderate |
| Physicians and Freedom of expressionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Freedom of expression by country | +0.28 | +0.14 | 0.428 | 166 | moderate |
| Physicians and Birth registrationLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.14) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Birth registration by country | +0.60 | +0.14 | 0.262 | 165 | proxy |
| Physicians and Political corruptionLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.14) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Political corruption by country | -0.58 | -0.14 | 0.267 | 166 | high |
| Physicians and Market-income GiniCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Market-income Gini by country | -0.35 | -0.14 | 0.459 | 45 | moderate |
| Physicians and Gender Development IndexLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.13) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Gender Development Index by country | +0.56 | +0.13 | 0.317 | 179 | high |
| Physicians and Single-parent householdsAlmost no link either way. Single-parent households by country | +0.03 | +0.13 | 0.535 | 142 | independent |
| Physicians and Self-reported happinessCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Self-reported happiness by country | +0.17 | -0.13 | 0.604 | 103 | moderate |
| Physicians and Military spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Military spending by country | +0.16 | +0.13 | 0.143 | 155 | independent |
| Physicians and Gender wage gapCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Gender wage gap by country | -0.15 | -0.13 | 0.685 | 38 | independent |
| Physicians and Suicide rateCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Suicide rate by country | +0.24 | +0.13 | 0.386 | 178 | independent |
| Physicians and Male labor participationAlmost no link either way. Male labor participation by country | -0.07 | -0.13 | 0.597 | 173 | independent |
| Physicians and Equality scoreLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.13) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Equality score by country | +0.58 | +0.13 | 0.416 | 162 | high |
| Physicians and Maternal mortalityLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.12) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Maternal mortality by country | -0.61 | -0.12 | 0.240 | 186 | proxy |
| Physicians and GDP growthCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. GDP growth by country | -0.22 | -0.12 | 0.401 | 186 | moderate |
| Physicians and Muslim shareCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Muslim share by country | -0.24 | -0.12 | 0.281 | 177 | independent |
| Physicians and Homicide rateCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Homicide rate by country | -0.16 | -0.12 | 0.433 | 160 | moderate |
| Physicians and PISA scienceCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. PISA science by country | +0.47 | +0.12 | 0.491 | 84 | high |
| Physicians and Women ministersCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Women ministers by country | +0.22 | +0.11 | 0.490 | 185 | independent |
| Physicians and Age at childbearingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Age at childbearing by country | +0.40 | +0.10 | 0.169 | 186 | moderate |
| Physicians and Civil society participationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Civil society participation by country | +0.23 | +0.10 | 0.594 | 166 | independent |
| Physicians and Protected landCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Protected land by country | +0.23 | +0.10 | 0.465 | 185 | independent |
| Physicians and Employment in agricultureLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Employment in agriculture by country | -0.68 | -0.10 | 0.545 | 173 | proxy |
| Physicians and Migrant share of populationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Migrant share of population by country | +0.40 | -0.10 | 0.579 | 186 | high |
| Physicians and CO2 per capitaCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. CO2 per capita by country | +0.28 | -0.10 | 0.611 | 181 | proxy |
| Physicians and Internet usersLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Internet users by country | +0.71 | +0.10 | 0.122 | 186 | proxy |
| Physicians and Out-of-pocket health spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Out-of-pocket health spending by country | -0.21 | +0.09 | 0.316 | 186 | moderate |
| Physicians and Environment scoreCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Environment score by country | -0.23 | +0.09 | 0.495 | 185 | moderate |
| Physicians and Trade opennessCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Trade openness by country | +0.28 | -0.09 | 0.598 | 169 | moderate |
| Physicians and Secondary enrollmentLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Secondary enrollment by country | +0.63 | +0.09 | 0.377 | 178 | high |
| Physicians and Out of school, primaryCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Out of school, primary by country | -0.43 | -0.09 | 0.487 | 177 | moderate |
| Physicians and Skilled birth attendanceLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Skilled birth attendance by country | +0.57 | +0.09 | 0.102 | 174 | high |
| Physicians and Basic water accessLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Basic water access by country | +0.64 | +0.08 | 0.421 | 185 | proxy |
| Physicians and Rule of lawLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Rule of law by country | +0.58 | +0.08 | 0.413 | 186 | high |
| Physicians and Mobile subscriptionsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Mobile subscriptions by country | +0.30 | -0.08 | 0.346 | 186 | moderate |
| Physicians and Regulatory qualityLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Regulatory quality by country | +0.65 | +0.08 | 0.517 | 186 | proxy |
| Physicians and Births outside marriageAlmost no link either way. Births outside marriage by country | +0.06 | +0.08 | 0.818 | 42 | independent |
| Physicians and Political stabilityCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Political stability by country | +0.40 | -0.08 | 0.102 | 186 | moderate |
| Physicians and Government consumptionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Government consumption by country | +0.15 | +0.08 | 0.350 | 167 | independent |
| Physicians and Premature NCD mortalityLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Premature NCD mortality by country | -0.55 | -0.07 | 0.715 | 178 | high |
| Physicians and Control of corruptionLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Control of corruption by country | +0.59 | +0.07 | 0.591 | 186 | high |
| Physicians and Aid givenAlmost no link either way. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Aid given by country | +0.07 | -0.07 | 0.501 | 47 | high |
| Physicians and Education spendingAlmost no link either way. Education spending by country | +0.09 | +0.07 | 0.514 | 178 | independent |
| Physicians and UnemploymentAlmost no link either way. Unemployment by country | -0.10 | -0.06 | 0.812 | 173 | independent |
| Physicians and Population growthCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Population growth by country | -0.39 | -0.06 | 0.553 | 186 | moderate |
| Physicians and Marriage rateAlmost no link either way. Marriage rate by country | +0.05 | +0.06 | 0.433 | 46 | independent |
| Physicians and UndernourishmentLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Undernourishment by country | -0.61 | -0.06 | 0.625 | 161 | proxy |
| Physicians and Women in managementCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Women in management by country | +0.26 | +0.05 | 0.766 | 148 | moderate |
| Physicians and Corruption Perceptions IndexLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Corruption Perceptions Index by country | +0.57 | +0.05 | 0.727 | 172 | high |
| Physicians and Interpersonal trustCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Interpersonal trust by country | +0.46 | +0.05 | 0.721 | 103 | high |
| Physicians and Women in a unionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Women in a union by country | -0.27 | +0.05 | 0.783 | 180 | moderate |
| Physicians and Pre-trial detainee shareCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Pre-trial detainee share by country | -0.25 | -0.05 | 0.847 | 163 | independent |
| Physicians and UrbanizationLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Urbanization by country | +0.52 | +0.05 | 0.772 | 186 | high |
| Physicians and Female labor participationAlmost no link either way. Female labor participation by country | +0.07 | +0.04 | 0.556 | 173 | independent |
| Physicians and Primary completionLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Primary completion by country | +0.63 | +0.03 | 0.795 | 161 | proxy |
| Physicians and FDI inflowsAlmost no link either way. FDI inflows by country | +0.04 | +0.03 | 0.779 | 186 | independent |
| Physicians and Hours workedCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Hours worked by country | -0.23 | +0.03 | 0.897 | 38 | high |
| Physicians and Marriage rate (UN)Could easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Marriage rate (UN) by country | -0.19 | -0.03 | 0.898 | 93 | independent |
| Physicians and Extreme poverty rateLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Extreme poverty rate by country | -0.60 | +0.03 | 0.808 | 162 | proxy |
| Physicians and Wellbeing scoreLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Wellbeing score by country | +0.57 | +0.03 | 0.861 | 103 | high |
| Physicians and Electricity accessLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Electricity access by country | +0.59 | +0.02 | 0.819 | 186 | high |
| Physicians and Children with one parentAlmost no link either way. Children with one parent by country | -0.01 | -0.02 | 0.909 | 38 | independent |
| Physicians and Primary enrollmentAlmost no link either way. Primary enrollment by country | -0.03 | -0.02 | 0.625 | 183 | independent |
| Physicians and Public order spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Public order spending by country | -0.13 | -0.02 | 0.967 | 37 | high |
| Physicians and Recycling rateAlmost no link either way. Recycling rate by country | +0.09 | -0.01 | 0.968 | 35 | moderate |
| Physicians and DTP3 immunisationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. DTP3 immunisation by country | +0.40 | -0.01 | 0.927 | 186 | moderate |
| Physicians and Armed conflict presentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Armed conflict present by country | -0.32 | -0.01 | 0.952 | 186 | moderate |
| Physicians and Government effectivenessLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Government effectiveness by country | +0.65 | +0.01 | 0.966 | 186 | proxy |
| Physicians and Government spending per capitaCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Government spending per capita by country | +0.39 | -0.01 | 0.964 | 43 | proxy |
| Physicians and Adult obesityCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Adult obesity by country | +0.22 | +0.00 | 0.982 | 185 | moderate |
| Physicians and GDP per capita (PPP)One side of this pair is national income itself, the thing the other figures adjust for. Adjusting income for income leaves nothing, so there is no adjusted figure. The unadjusted link shows how closely the other measure follows income. GDP per capita (PPP) by country | +0.66 | — | — | 186 | proxy |
| Physicians and GNI per capita (PPP)One side of this pair is national income itself, the thing the other figures adjust for. Adjusting income for income leaves nothing, so there is no adjusted figure. The unadjusted link shows how closely the other measure follows income. GNI per capita (PPP) by country | +0.70 | — | — | 186 | proxy |
| Physicians and GDP per capita (market)One side of this pair is national income itself, the thing the other figures adjust for. Adjusting income for income leaves nothing, so there is no adjusted figure. The unadjusted link shows how closely the other measure follows income. GDP per capita (market) by country | +0.60 | — | — | 186 | proxy |
Source
World Health Organization
CC BY 4.0 · licence terms · updated quarterly
World Bank, World Development Indicators