Interpersonal trust
Share agreeing that most people can be trusted
Link with national income+0.66strongly income-linked
Links that hold up16of 158 pairs tested
Unit% of respondentshigher is better
SourceIVSFree for non-commercial use with attribution
What this measures. The share who answer "most people can be trusted" rather than "you can't be too careful". Trust in other people is the classic measure of social ties (social capital). It is only loosely linked to national income. That makes it one of the few measures here where adjusting for GDP is a real test, not a foregone result. The survey runs in waves, not every year. So data for each country are sparse and uneven, and two readings for a country may be five or more years apart.
How it has moved
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Every country, every year
One row per country and one column per year, sorted by the most recent value. Hover over any cell to see the figure. The country names link to each country’s page.
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Links that hold up
r is how closely two measures rise and fall together across countries, from −1 (opposite) to +1 (in step), where 0 means no link. These pairs are ranked by the link after adjusting for national income, which means comparing countries with the same GDP per person. Each pair passed three checks. The link held after that adjustment. It was unlikely to be chance (q of 0.05 or less), even allowing for countries in the same region being alike and for the many pairs tested. And the two are not just two measures of the same thing. Very small q values are written in short form: 8.0e-5 means 0.000080.
| Measure | Before adjusting | After adjusting | q | Countries | Tracks income? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Interpersonal trust and Frequent prayerWhere Interpersonal trust is higher, Frequent prayer tends to be lower: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Frequent prayer by country | -0.75 | -0.61 | 0.012 | 78 | high |
| Interpersonal trust and ResearchersWhere Interpersonal trust is higher, Researchers tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Researchers by country | +0.75 | +0.60 | 0.026 | 95 | proxy |
| Interpersonal trust and Control of corruptionWhere Interpersonal trust is higher, Control of corruption tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Control of corruption by country | +0.73 | +0.55 | 0.017 | 107 | high |
| Interpersonal trust and Corruption Perceptions IndexWhere Interpersonal trust is higher, Corruption Perceptions Index tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Corruption Perceptions Index by country | +0.70 | +0.51 | 0.035 | 104 | high |
| Interpersonal trust and Government effectivenessWhere Interpersonal trust is higher, Government effectiveness tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Government effectiveness by country | +0.69 | +0.47 | 0.017 | 107 | proxy |
| Interpersonal trust and Aid givenWhere Interpersonal trust is higher, Aid given tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Aid given by country | +0.61 | +0.46 | 0.047 | 44 | high |
| Interpersonal trust and Rule of lawWhere Interpersonal trust is higher, Rule of law tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Rule of law by country | +0.68 | +0.46 | 0.040 | 107 | high |
| Interpersonal trust and Health scoreWhere Interpersonal trust is higher, Health score tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Health score by country | +0.48 | +0.43 | 0.049 | 103 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Hours workedWhere Interpersonal trust is higher, Hours worked tends to be lower: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Hours worked by country | -0.62 | -0.37 | 0.004 | 37 | high |
| Interpersonal trust and Births outside marriageWhere Interpersonal trust is higher, Births outside marriage tends to be higher: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Births outside marriage by country | +0.26 | +0.35 | 0.015 | 40 | independent |
| Interpersonal trust and Family benefits spendingWhere Interpersonal trust is higher, Family benefits spending tends to be higher: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Family benefits spending by country | +0.46 | +0.35 | 0.028 | 40 | independent |
| Interpersonal trust and Children with one parentWhere Interpersonal trust is higher, Children with one parent tends to be higher: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Children with one parent by country | +0.31 | +0.30 | 0.039 | 38 | independent |
| Interpersonal trust and Government consumptionWhere Interpersonal trust is higher, Government consumption tends to be higher: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Government consumption by country | +0.43 | +0.27 | 0.001 | 102 | independent |
| Interpersonal trust and Public social spendingWhere Interpersonal trust is higher, Public social spending tends to be higher: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Public social spending by country | +0.45 | +0.22 | 0.017 | 40 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Political stabilityWhere Interpersonal trust is higher, Political stability tends to be higher: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Political stability by country | +0.52 | +0.15 | 0.038 | 107 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Inequality-adjusted HDIWhere Interpersonal trust is higher, Inequality-adjusted HDI tends to be higher: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Inequality-adjusted HDI by country | +0.59 | +0.15 | 0.032 | 98 | proxy |
Links that don’t count as findings
These go together strongly, but they are built from the same numbers or measure the same thing. So they are bound to match, or their match shows that the measures agree, not something about the world.
| Measure | Before adjusting | After adjusting | q | Countries | Tracks income? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Interpersonal trust and Wellbeing scoreNot an independent finding: one of these indices is built partly from the other, so their agreement is just arithmetic. Wellbeing score by country | +0.83 | +0.74 | 0.015 | 107 | high |
How much the other measures account for
The 71 most widely reported measures boil down to a few broad patterns. This table shows how much of the differences between countries on this measure those patterns account for, adding one pattern at a time. The patterns are rebuilt without this measure, and without anything built from the same numbers or measuring the same thing. So it never predicts itself under another name. The figures use the 88 countries reporting all of them, and 71 candidate measures.
This shows how much it moves with the others. It does not explain anything. Measures that move together end up on the same pattern whether or not anything connects them. And the countries here are the best-documented ones. A high figure means this measure is largely predictable from the others, not that they produce it.
| Patterns used | Share of this measure accounted for | Added by this pattern |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 38% | — |
| 2 | 42% | +4% |
| 3 | 51% | +10% |
| 4 | 52% | +0% |
| 5 | 52% | +0% |
| 6 | 59% | +7% |
How it differs by category
This compares the measure across groups of countries, such as those sharing a main religion, instead of against another number. The figure is the share of the differences between countries on this measure that lies between the groups, on a scale from 0 to 1. It is shown before and after adjusting for national income.
The “between groups” figure runs from 0 (the groups are no different) to 1 (the groups explain all the differences between countries). Groups have no up or down, so this says how much the groups differ, never which way. For that, read the group averages. The figure also tends to rise when there are more groups. So to judge whether it could be chance (q), we shuffle the same labels among the same countries many times and see how often a figure this big turns up. Then we allow for the fact that many measures are checked at once, since with enough checks a few big figures turn up by luck alone. Groups with fewer than 12 countries are left out. And countries that share a label share a lot else. Adjusting for income rules out one third factor, but leaves language, region, legal tradition and history untouched.
| Grouped by | Between groups | After income | q | Groups at each end |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Last European coloniser | 0.38 | 0.40 | 0.033 | best: Never a European colony 24.6% · worst: Spain 10.3% % of respondents |
| Largest religious group | 0.27 | 0.07 | 0.614 | best: Christians 25% · worst: Muslims 15.8% % of respondents |
Every other pair
Everything else this measure was tested against, apart from the links that hold up and the pairs built from the same numbers. Sorted by the link after adjusting. Search by name; every column sorts. A small adjusted figure is a result too. It says the two do not move together once income is set aside.
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| Interpersonal trust and Religious attendanceLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.44) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Religious attendance by country | -0.65 | -0.44 | 0.128 | 105 | high |
| Interpersonal trust and Religion very importantLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.43) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Religion very important by country | -0.64 | -0.43 | 0.165 | 107 | high |
| Interpersonal trust and Regulatory qualityLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.43) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Regulatory quality by country | +0.67 | +0.43 | 0.055 | 107 | proxy |
| Interpersonal trust and Religiously unaffiliatedLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.42) could easily be chance. Religiously unaffiliated by country | +0.58 | +0.42 | 0.271 | 106 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Women's age at first marriageLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.35) could easily be chance. Women's age at first marriage by country | +0.54 | +0.35 | 0.125 | 39 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Adult obesityCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Adult obesity by country | -0.16 | -0.35 | 0.176 | 104 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and One-person householdsLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.34) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. One-person households by country | +0.59 | +0.34 | 0.069 | 89 | high |
| Interpersonal trust and PISA mathsLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.34) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. PISA maths by country | +0.64 | +0.34 | 0.262 | 76 | high |
| Interpersonal trust and PISA scienceLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.33) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. PISA science by country | +0.64 | +0.33 | 0.233 | 76 | high |
| Interpersonal trust and Gender Inequality IndexLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.32) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Gender Inequality Index by country | -0.63 | -0.32 | 0.091 | 100 | proxy |
| Interpersonal trust and Political corruptionLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.31) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Political corruption by country | -0.59 | -0.31 | 0.113 | 103 | high |
| Interpersonal trust and Education spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Education spending by country | +0.36 | +0.29 | 0.236 | 101 | independent |
| Interpersonal trust and Tobacco useCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Tobacco use by country | -0.13 | -0.29 | 0.263 | 100 | independent |
| Interpersonal trust and Trust in governmentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Trust in government by country | +0.40 | +0.29 | 0.103 | 45 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Confidence in religious institutionsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Confidence in religious institutions by country | -0.48 | -0.28 | 0.305 | 107 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and PISA readingLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.28) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. PISA reading by country | +0.61 | +0.28 | 0.273 | 76 | high |
| Interpersonal trust and Public order spendingLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.27) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Public order spending by country | -0.57 | -0.27 | 0.064 | 35 | high |
| Interpersonal trust and Fixed broadbandLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.27) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Fixed broadband by country | +0.59 | +0.27 | 0.371 | 106 | proxy |
| Interpersonal trust and Women in parliamentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Women in parliament by country | +0.32 | +0.26 | 0.321 | 102 | independent |
| Interpersonal trust and Gini indexCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Gini index by country | -0.40 | -0.26 | 0.361 | 97 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Active labour market spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Active labour market spending by country | +0.48 | +0.26 | 0.200 | 40 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Self-reported happinessCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Self-reported happiness by country | +0.38 | +0.25 | 0.184 | 107 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Age at childbearingLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.25) could easily be chance. Age at childbearing by country | +0.51 | +0.25 | 0.388 | 107 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Health spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Health spending by country | +0.46 | +0.25 | 0.172 | 103 | independent |
| Interpersonal trust and Suicide rateCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Suicide rate by country | +0.41 | +0.24 | 0.091 | 103 | independent |
| Interpersonal trust and Primary completionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Primary completion by country | +0.26 | -0.22 | 0.294 | 97 | proxy |
| Interpersonal trust and Voice and accountabilityLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.22) could easily be chance. Voice and accountability by country | +0.53 | +0.22 | 0.300 | 107 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Life satisfactionLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.21) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Life satisfaction by country | +0.55 | +0.21 | 0.479 | 105 | proxy |
| Interpersonal trust and Gender scoreCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Gender score by country | +0.36 | +0.20 | 0.443 | 102 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Women ministersCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Women ministers by country | +0.32 | +0.20 | 0.412 | 102 | independent |
| Interpersonal trust and Female labor participationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Female labor participation by country | +0.33 | +0.19 | 0.130 | 105 | independent |
| Interpersonal trust and Electricity accessCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Electricity access by country | +0.25 | -0.19 | 0.396 | 106 | high |
| Interpersonal trust and Married by 18Could easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Married by 18 by country | -0.43 | -0.19 | 0.273 | 70 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Skilled birth attendanceCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Skilled birth attendance by country | +0.21 | -0.19 | 0.295 | 97 | high |
| Interpersonal trust and Health coverage indexLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.18) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Health coverage index by country | +0.56 | +0.18 | 0.532 | 103 | proxy |
| Interpersonal trust and Retirement age, menAlmost no link either way. Retirement age, men by country | -0.04 | +0.18 | 0.390 | 47 | independent |
| Interpersonal trust and Expected schoolingLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.18) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Expected schooling by country | +0.54 | +0.18 | 0.318 | 104 | proxy |
| Interpersonal trust and Birth rateCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Birth rate by country | -0.40 | +0.17 | 0.409 | 107 | proxy |
| Interpersonal trust and Fertility rateCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Fertility rate by country | -0.38 | +0.16 | 0.362 | 107 | proxy |
| Interpersonal trust and Women in a unionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Women in a union by country | -0.12 | +0.16 | 0.395 | 106 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Alcohol consumptionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Alcohol consumption by country | +0.41 | +0.16 | 0.563 | 102 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Extreme poverty rateCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Extreme poverty rate by country | -0.29 | +0.16 | 0.259 | 97 | proxy |
| Interpersonal trust and RedistributionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Redistribution by country | +0.24 | -0.15 | 0.433 | 43 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Basic water accessCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Basic water access by country | +0.31 | -0.15 | 0.421 | 105 | proxy |
| Interpersonal trust and Homicide rateCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Homicide rate by country | -0.30 | -0.15 | 0.598 | 103 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Liberal democracyCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Liberal democracy by country | +0.46 | +0.15 | 0.507 | 103 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Government spending per capitaLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.14) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Government spending per capita by country | +0.66 | +0.14 | 0.088 | 41 | proxy |
| Interpersonal trust and Protected landAlmost no link either way. Protected land by country | +0.06 | -0.14 | 0.505 | 105 | independent |
| Interpersonal trust and Population 0-14Could easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Population 0-14 by country | -0.43 | +0.14 | 0.487 | 107 | proxy |
| Interpersonal trust and UndernourishmentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Undernourishment by country | -0.31 | +0.14 | 0.369 | 99 | proxy |
| Interpersonal trust and Premature NCD mortalityCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Premature NCD mortality by country | -0.44 | -0.14 | 0.474 | 103 | high |
| Interpersonal trust and Road traffic deathsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Road traffic deaths by country | -0.49 | -0.14 | 0.456 | 103 | high |
| Interpersonal trust and Christian shareAlmost no link either way. Christian share by country | -0.02 | -0.14 | 0.424 | 106 | independent |
| Interpersonal trust and Under-5 mortalityCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Under-5 mortality by country | -0.36 | +0.13 | 0.264 | 104 | proxy |
| Interpersonal trust and Adolescent fertilityCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Adolescent fertility by country | -0.50 | -0.12 | 0.604 | 107 | proxy |
| Interpersonal trust and Adult literacyCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Adult literacy by country | +0.19 | -0.12 | 0.529 | 68 | high |
| Interpersonal trust and Secondary enrollmentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Secondary enrollment by country | +0.50 | +0.12 | 0.593 | 103 | high |
| Interpersonal trust and HDILinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.12) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. HDI by country | +0.57 | +0.12 | 0.398 | 104 | proxy |
| Interpersonal trust and Pupil-teacher ratioCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Pupil-teacher ratio by country | -0.40 | +0.12 | 0.472 | 98 | proxy |
| Interpersonal trust and Gender Development IndexCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Gender Development Index by country | +0.28 | -0.11 | 0.249 | 103 | high |
| Interpersonal trust and Participatory democracyCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Participatory democracy by country | +0.41 | +0.11 | 0.664 | 103 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Population growthCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Population growth by country | -0.14 | +0.11 | 0.605 | 107 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Trade opennessCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Trade openness by country | +0.20 | -0.11 | 0.499 | 102 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Out-of-pocket health spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Out-of-pocket health spending by country | -0.38 | -0.11 | 0.166 | 103 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Conflict deathsAlmost no link either way. Conflict deaths by country | -0.03 | +0.11 | 0.266 | 104 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Agricultural landAlmost no link either way. Agricultural land by country | -0.07 | +0.11 | 0.666 | 105 | independent |
| Interpersonal trust and Environment scoreCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Environment score by country | -0.16 | -0.10 | 0.557 | 105 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Muslim shareCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Muslim share by country | -0.30 | -0.10 | 0.612 | 106 | independent |
| Interpersonal trust and Equality scoreCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Equality score by country | +0.42 | +0.10 | 0.473 | 97 | high |
| Interpersonal trust and Primary enrollmentAlmost no link either way. Primary enrollment by country | -0.01 | +0.10 | 0.483 | 104 | independent |
| Interpersonal trust and Informal employmentLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.10) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Informal employment by country | -0.56 | -0.10 | 0.774 | 79 | proxy |
| Interpersonal trust and Compulsory schoolingAlmost no link either way. Compulsory schooling by country | +0.07 | -0.10 | 0.722 | 106 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Birth registrationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Birth registration by country | +0.29 | -0.10 | 0.163 | 95 | proxy |
| Interpersonal trust and Population 65+Could easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Population 65+ by country | +0.47 | +0.10 | 0.715 | 107 | high |
| Interpersonal trust and Civil society participationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Civil society participation by country | +0.26 | +0.10 | 0.676 | 103 | independent |
| Interpersonal trust and Anaemia in womenCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Anaemia in women by country | -0.42 | -0.10 | 0.599 | 102 | high |
| Interpersonal trust and Freedom of associationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Freedom of association by country | +0.17 | -0.09 | 0.636 | 103 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and FDI inflowsAlmost no link either way. FDI inflows by country | -0.06 | -0.09 | 0.508 | 106 | independent |
| Interpersonal trust and CO2 per capitaCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. CO2 per capita by country | +0.23 | -0.09 | 0.654 | 102 | proxy |
| Interpersonal trust and Slum share of urban populationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Slum share of urban population by country | -0.38 | +0.09 | 0.393 | 103 | high |
| Interpersonal trust and Basic sanitationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Basic sanitation by country | +0.34 | -0.09 | 0.467 | 105 | high |
| Interpersonal trust and Tax revenueCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Tax revenue by country | +0.35 | +0.09 | 0.308 | 90 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Pre-trial detainee shareAlmost no link either way. Pre-trial detainee share by country | -0.08 | +0.09 | 0.340 | 99 | independent |
| Interpersonal trust and Regime typeCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Regime type by country | +0.39 | +0.08 | 0.762 | 103 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Retirement age, womenAlmost no link either way. Retirement age, women by country | +0.02 | +0.08 | 0.740 | 47 | independent |
| Interpersonal trust and Mobile subscriptionsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Mobile subscriptions by country | +0.19 | -0.08 | 0.277 | 107 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Refugees originatingAlmost no link either way. Refugees originating by country | -0.04 | +0.08 | 0.080 | 105 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Infant mortalityCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Infant mortality by country | -0.41 | +0.08 | 0.456 | 104 | proxy |
| Interpersonal trust and Women in managementAlmost no link either way. Women in management by country | +0.09 | -0.08 | 0.730 | 88 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Armed conflict presentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Armed conflict present by country | -0.35 | -0.08 | 0.607 | 104 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and InflationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Inflation by country | -0.14 | -0.07 | 0.402 | 105 | independent |
| Interpersonal trust and Government expenseCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Government expense by country | +0.24 | -0.07 | 0.325 | 90 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Corporate tax rateCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Corporate tax rate by country | -0.14 | +0.07 | 0.664 | 61 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Youth not in work or studyCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Youth not in work or study by country | -0.40 | -0.07 | 0.621 | 100 | high |
| Interpersonal trust and Employment in agricultureCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Employment in agriculture by country | -0.44 | +0.07 | 0.642 | 105 | proxy |
| Interpersonal trust and Divorce rate (UN)Almost no link either way. Divorce rate (UN) by country | +0.04 | +0.06 | 0.542 | 72 | independent |
| Interpersonal trust and Infrastructure scoreLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Infrastructure score by country | +0.53 | +0.06 | 0.814 | 106 | proxy |
| Interpersonal trust and Gender wage gapAlmost no link either way. Gender wage gap by country | -0.06 | +0.06 | 0.855 | 36 | independent |
| Interpersonal trust and Recycling rateCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Recycling rate by country | +0.30 | +0.06 | 0.198 | 33 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Military spendingAlmost no link either way. Military spending by country | +0.03 | +0.06 | 0.346 | 100 | independent |
| Interpersonal trust and Migrant share of populationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Migrant share of population by country | +0.37 | +0.06 | 0.742 | 106 | high |
| Interpersonal trust and Marriage rateAlmost no link either way. Marriage rate by country | +0.01 | +0.05 | 0.912 | 44 | independent |
| Interpersonal trust and Forest areaAlmost no link either way. Forest area by country | +0.09 | -0.05 | 0.795 | 104 | independent |
| Interpersonal trust and Civil liberties (FH)Could easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Civil liberties (FH) by country | -0.40 | -0.05 | 0.763 | 105 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Governance scoreCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Governance score by country | +0.38 | +0.05 | 0.819 | 104 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Electoral democracyCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Electoral democracy by country | +0.37 | +0.05 | 0.841 | 103 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Unemployment benefit spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Unemployment benefit spending by country | +0.18 | +0.05 | 0.735 | 37 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and DTP3 immunisationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. DTP3 immunisation by country | +0.26 | +0.05 | 0.645 | 103 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and PhysiciansCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Physicians by country | +0.46 | +0.05 | 0.721 | 103 | proxy |
| Interpersonal trust and Out of school, primaryCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Out of school, primary by country | -0.27 | +0.05 | 0.726 | 102 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Life expectancyLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Life expectancy by country | +0.51 | +0.05 | 0.624 | 107 | proxy |
| Interpersonal trust and Maternal mortalityCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Maternal mortality by country | -0.27 | +0.05 | 0.485 | 104 | proxy |
| Interpersonal trust and Mean years of schoolingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Mean years of schooling by country | +0.47 | +0.05 | 0.771 | 104 | proxy |
| Interpersonal trust and GDP growthCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. GDP growth by country | -0.18 | -0.05 | 0.500 | 107 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Labour scoreCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Labour score by country | +0.47 | +0.05 | 0.462 | 105 | high |
| Interpersonal trust and Child stuntingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Child stunting by country | -0.38 | -0.04 | 0.744 | 83 | proxy |
| Interpersonal trust and Hospital bedsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Hospital beds by country | +0.27 | +0.04 | 0.900 | 101 | high |
| Interpersonal trust and HIV prevalenceCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. HIV prevalence by country | -0.15 | +0.04 | 0.133 | 81 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Education scoreCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Education score by country | +0.45 | -0.04 | 0.831 | 104 | proxy |
| Interpersonal trust and Vulnerable employmentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Vulnerable employment by country | -0.48 | -0.04 | 0.597 | 105 | proxy |
| Interpersonal trust and Internet usersCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Internet users by country | +0.45 | -0.03 | 0.836 | 107 | proxy |
| Interpersonal trust and Market-income GiniCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Market-income Gini by country | -0.22 | +0.03 | 0.903 | 43 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Women's political empowermentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Women's political empowerment by country | +0.32 | +0.03 | 0.902 | 103 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Political civil libertiesCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Political civil liberties by country | +0.22 | -0.03 | 0.898 | 103 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Political rights (FH)Could easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Political rights (FH) by country | -0.33 | +0.03 | 0.920 | 105 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Food insecurityCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Food insecurity by country | -0.45 | -0.02 | 0.878 | 91 | proxy |
| Interpersonal trust and Single-parent householdsAlmost no link either way. Single-parent households by country | -0.04 | -0.02 | 0.915 | 89 | independent |
| Interpersonal trust and UrbanizationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Urbanization by country | +0.40 | +0.02 | 0.942 | 107 | high |
| Interpersonal trust and Median ageCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Median age by country | +0.46 | -0.02 | 0.958 | 107 | proxy |
| Interpersonal trust and Marriage rate (UN)Could easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Marriage rate (UN) by country | -0.22 | +0.01 | 0.949 | 76 | independent |
| Interpersonal trust and Old-age spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Old-age spending by country | +0.12 | +0.01 | 0.936 | 40 | independent |
| Interpersonal trust and Tuberculosis incidenceCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Tuberculosis incidence by country | -0.29 | -0.01 | 0.942 | 106 | high |
| Interpersonal trust and Free and fair electionsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Free and fair elections by country | +0.37 | +0.01 | 0.984 | 103 | high |
| Interpersonal trust and Freedom of expressionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Freedom of expression by country | +0.23 | +0.01 | 0.978 | 103 | moderate |
| Interpersonal trust and Divorce rateAlmost no link either way. Divorce rate by country | -0.04 | -0.00 | 0.978 | 43 | independent |
| Interpersonal trust and Male labor participationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Male labor participation by country | -0.11 | -0.00 | 0.994 | 105 | independent |
| Interpersonal trust and UnemploymentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Unemployment by country | -0.14 | -0.00 | 0.991 | 105 | independent |
| Interpersonal trust and Tertiary enrollmentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Tertiary enrollment by country | +0.40 | -0.00 | 0.999 | 102 | high |
| Interpersonal trust and GDP per capita (PPP)One side of this pair is national income itself, the thing the other figures adjust for. Adjusting income for income leaves nothing, so there is no adjusted figure. The unadjusted link shows how closely the other measure follows income. GDP per capita (PPP) by country | +0.60 | — | — | 107 | proxy |
| Interpersonal trust and GNI per capita (PPP)One side of this pair is national income itself, the thing the other figures adjust for. Adjusting income for income leaves nothing, so there is no adjusted figure. The unadjusted link shows how closely the other measure follows income. GNI per capita (PPP) by country | +0.65 | — | — | 107 | proxy |
| Interpersonal trust and GDP per capita (market)One side of this pair is national income itself, the thing the other figures adjust for. Adjusting income for income leaves nothing, so there is no adjusted figure. The unadjusted link shows how closely the other measure follows income. GDP per capita (market) by country | +0.70 | — | — | 107 | proxy |
Source
World Values Survey Association and European Values Study · via Our World in Data
Free for non-commercial use with attribution · licence terms · updated irregular (survey waves, roughly every 5 years)
Haerpfer, C. et al., World Values Survey; EVS, European Values Study