Gender wage gap
Gender gap in median full-time earnings
Link with national income-0.07largely independent of national income
Links that hold up5of 154 pairs tested
Unit% of men's median earningshigher is worse
SourceOECDCC BY 4.0 (OECD terms and conditions)
What this measures. The difference between men's and women's middle (median) earnings among full-time employees, as a share of men's. It is not adjusted: it includes the gap that comes from women and men doing different jobs, which is most of it. From a 2017 release kept as a snapshot, so the series ends in 2016, and the years differ between countries.
How it has moved
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Every country, every year
One row per country and one column per year, sorted by the most recent value. Hover over any cell to see the figure. The country names link to each country’s page.
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Links that hold up
r is how closely two measures rise and fall together across countries, from −1 (opposite) to +1 (in step), where 0 means no link. These pairs are ranked by the link after adjusting for national income, which means comparing countries with the same GDP per person. Each pair passed three checks. The link held after that adjustment. It was unlikely to be chance (q of 0.05 or less), even allowing for countries in the same region being alike and for the many pairs tested. And the two are not just two measures of the same thing. Very small q values are written in short form: 8.0e-5 means 0.000080.
| Measure | Before adjusting | After adjusting | q | Countries | Tracks income? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender wage gap and Retirement age, womenWhere Gender wage gap is higher, Retirement age, women tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Retirement age, women by country | +0.69 | +0.69 | 0.020 | 36 | independent |
| Gender wage gap and PISA readingWhere Gender wage gap is higher, PISA reading tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. PISA reading by country | +0.42 | +0.59 | 0.026 | 38 | high |
| Gender wage gap and PISA scienceWhere Gender wage gap is higher, PISA science tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. PISA science by country | +0.41 | +0.55 | 0.046 | 38 | high |
| Gender wage gap and Primary completionWhere Gender wage gap is higher, Primary completion tends to be higher: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Primary completion by country | +0.24 | +0.35 | 0.029 | 37 | proxy |
| Gender wage gap and Confidence in religious institutionsWhere Gender wage gap is higher, Confidence in religious institutions tends to be lower: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Confidence in religious institutions by country | -0.17 | -0.21 | 0.041 | 36 | moderate |
Every other pair
Everything else this measure was tested against, apart from the links that hold up and the pairs built from the same numbers. Sorted by the link after adjusting. Search by name; every column sorts. A small adjusted figure is a result too. It says the two do not move together once income is set aside.
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| Gender wage gap and Retirement age, menComparing only countries with similar income it is still +0.56, but that could easily be chance once we allow for countries in the same region being alike. Retirement age, men by country | +0.58 | +0.56 | 0.060 | 36 | independent |
| Gender wage gap and PISA mathsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. PISA maths by country | +0.36 | +0.55 | 0.109 | 38 | high |
| Gender wage gap and Hospital bedsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Hospital beds by country | +0.46 | +0.48 | 0.474 | 38 | high |
| Gender wage gap and Government effectivenessCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Government effectiveness by country | +0.18 | +0.42 | 0.079 | 38 | proxy |
| Gender wage gap and Mobile subscriptionsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Mobile subscriptions by country | +0.42 | +0.42 | 0.312 | 38 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Suicide rateCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Suicide rate by country | +0.36 | +0.39 | 0.336 | 38 | independent |
| Gender wage gap and Age at childbearingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Age at childbearing by country | +0.20 | +0.39 | 0.321 | 38 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Mean years of schoolingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Mean years of schooling by country | +0.26 | +0.38 | 0.225 | 38 | proxy |
| Gender wage gap and Government expenseCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Government expense by country | -0.37 | -0.38 | 0.055 | 38 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Religion very importantCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Religion very important by country | -0.25 | -0.37 | 0.193 | 36 | high |
| Gender wage gap and Government spending per capitaCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Government spending per capita by country | -0.28 | -0.37 | 0.325 | 38 | proxy |
| Gender wage gap and Female labor participationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Female labor participation by country | +0.27 | +0.37 | 0.446 | 38 | independent |
| Gender wage gap and Tax revenueCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Tax revenue by country | -0.37 | -0.36 | 0.169 | 37 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Recycling rateCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Recycling rate by country | +0.25 | +0.36 | 0.370 | 35 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Agricultural landCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Agricultural land by country | -0.36 | -0.36 | 0.059 | 38 | independent |
| Gender wage gap and Religiously unaffiliatedCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Religiously unaffiliated by country | +0.33 | +0.36 | 0.057 | 38 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Employment in agricultureCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Employment in agriculture by country | -0.18 | -0.34 | 0.285 | 38 | proxy |
| Gender wage gap and Christian shareCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Christian share by country | -0.33 | -0.34 | 0.281 | 38 | independent |
| Gender wage gap and HIV prevalenceCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. HIV prevalence by country | +0.39 | +0.34 | 0.237 | 28 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Women in parliamentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Women in parliament by country | -0.34 | -0.33 | 0.465 | 38 | independent |
| Gender wage gap and CO2 per capitaCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. CO2 per capita by country | +0.25 | +0.33 | 0.375 | 38 | proxy |
| Gender wage gap and Labour scoreCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Labour score by country | +0.20 | +0.33 | 0.185 | 38 | high |
| Gender wage gap and ResearchersCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Researchers by country | +0.16 | +0.31 | 0.386 | 37 | proxy |
| Gender wage gap and Hours workedCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Hours worked by country | +0.37 | +0.31 | 0.256 | 36 | high |
| Gender wage gap and Aid givenCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Aid given by country | -0.34 | -0.31 | 0.181 | 34 | high |
| Gender wage gap and Tuberculosis incidenceCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Tuberculosis incidence by country | +0.30 | +0.31 | 0.399 | 38 | high |
| Gender wage gap and Births outside marriageCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Births outside marriage by country | -0.29 | -0.31 | 0.607 | 37 | independent |
| Gender wage gap and Secondary enrollmentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Secondary enrollment by country | -0.32 | -0.30 | 0.217 | 38 | high |
| Gender wage gap and Migrant share of populationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Migrant share of population by country | -0.28 | -0.29 | 0.514 | 38 | high |
| Gender wage gap and Environment scoreCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Environment score by country | -0.27 | -0.29 | 0.126 | 38 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Regulatory qualityCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Regulatory quality by country | +0.11 | +0.28 | 0.623 | 38 | proxy |
| Gender wage gap and Out-of-pocket health spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Out-of-pocket health spending by country | +0.28 | +0.27 | 0.386 | 38 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Under-5 mortalityCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Under-5 mortality by country | -0.15 | -0.27 | 0.155 | 38 | proxy |
| Gender wage gap and Expected schoolingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Expected schooling by country | -0.29 | -0.27 | 0.112 | 38 | proxy |
| Gender wage gap and Youth not in work or studyCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Youth not in work or study by country | -0.14 | -0.27 | 0.344 | 37 | high |
| Gender wage gap and Rule of lawCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Rule of law by country | +0.10 | +0.27 | 0.560 | 38 | high |
| Gender wage gap and Infant mortalityCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Infant mortality by country | -0.15 | -0.26 | 0.167 | 38 | proxy |
| Gender wage gap and Forest areaCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Forest area by country | +0.28 | +0.26 | 0.441 | 38 | independent |
| Gender wage gap and Vulnerable employmentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Vulnerable employment by country | -0.11 | -0.26 | 0.477 | 38 | proxy |
| Gender wage gap and Health scoreCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Health score by country | +0.18 | +0.26 | 0.525 | 38 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Freedom of expressionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Freedom of expression by country | +0.20 | +0.25 | 0.505 | 38 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Political corruptionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Political corruption by country | -0.14 | -0.25 | 0.492 | 38 | high |
| Gender wage gap and Skilled birth attendanceCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Skilled birth attendance by country | +0.25 | +0.25 | 0.341 | 31 | high |
| Gender wage gap and Old-age spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Old-age spending by country | -0.24 | -0.24 | 0.264 | 38 | independent |
| Gender wage gap and Male labor participationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Male labor participation by country | +0.25 | +0.24 | 0.131 | 38 | independent |
| Gender wage gap and FDI inflowsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. FDI inflows by country | +0.25 | +0.24 | 0.234 | 38 | independent |
| Gender wage gap and Health spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Health spending by country | +0.19 | +0.24 | 0.376 | 38 | independent |
| Gender wage gap and Population growthCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Population growth by country | -0.25 | -0.23 | 0.257 | 38 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and RedistributionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Redistribution by country | -0.27 | -0.23 | 0.405 | 37 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and HDIAlmost no link either way. HDI by country | +0.05 | +0.23 | 0.139 | 38 | proxy |
| Gender wage gap and Trust in governmentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Trust in government by country | -0.23 | -0.22 | 0.667 | 38 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Adolescent fertilityAlmost no link either way. Adolescent fertility by country | -0.09 | -0.22 | 0.290 | 38 | proxy |
| Gender wage gap and Pupil-teacher ratioCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Pupil-teacher ratio by country | +0.23 | +0.21 | 0.202 | 36 | proxy |
| Gender wage gap and UnemploymentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Unemployment by country | -0.18 | -0.21 | 0.465 | 38 | independent |
| Gender wage gap and Population 65+Could easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Population 65+ by country | +0.17 | +0.21 | 0.244 | 38 | high |
| Gender wage gap and Religious attendanceCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Religious attendance by country | -0.13 | -0.21 | 0.109 | 36 | high |
| Gender wage gap and Corruption Perceptions IndexAlmost no link either way. Corruption Perceptions Index by country | +0.07 | +0.21 | 0.518 | 38 | high |
| Gender wage gap and Gender Inequality IndexAlmost no link either way. Gender Inequality Index by country | -0.07 | -0.20 | 0.220 | 38 | proxy |
| Gender wage gap and Adult obesityCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Adult obesity by country | -0.16 | -0.20 | 0.686 | 38 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Military spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Military spending by country | +0.23 | +0.20 | 0.513 | 36 | independent |
| Gender wage gap and One-person householdsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. One-person households by country | +0.13 | +0.20 | 0.242 | 30 | high |
| Gender wage gap and Public order spendingAlmost no link either way. Public order spending by country | -0.08 | -0.20 | 0.713 | 34 | high |
| Gender wage gap and Refugees originatingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Refugees originating by country | -0.12 | -0.20 | 0.175 | 38 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Electoral democracyCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Electoral democracy by country | +0.12 | +0.20 | 0.612 | 38 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Protected landCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Protected land by country | -0.19 | -0.20 | 0.107 | 38 | independent |
| Gender wage gap and Liberal democracyCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Liberal democracy by country | +0.12 | +0.19 | 0.650 | 38 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Public social spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Public social spending by country | -0.21 | -0.19 | 0.395 | 38 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Political civil libertiesCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Political civil liberties by country | +0.14 | +0.19 | 0.566 | 38 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Inequality-adjusted HDIAlmost no link either way. Inequality-adjusted HDI by country | +0.04 | +0.19 | 0.224 | 38 | proxy |
| Gender wage gap and Armed conflict presentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Armed conflict present by country | -0.10 | -0.19 | 0.527 | 38 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Homicide rateAlmost no link either way. Homicide rate by country | -0.08 | -0.19 | 0.475 | 38 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Primary enrollmentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Primary enrollment by country | -0.15 | -0.18 | 0.417 | 38 | independent |
| Gender wage gap and Life satisfactionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Life satisfaction by country | -0.20 | -0.18 | 0.697 | 38 | proxy |
| Gender wage gap and Free and fair electionsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Free and fair elections by country | +0.11 | +0.18 | 0.481 | 38 | high |
| Gender wage gap and Muslim shareCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Muslim share by country | -0.17 | -0.18 | 0.386 | 38 | independent |
| Gender wage gap and Control of corruptionAlmost no link either way. Control of corruption by country | +0.05 | +0.18 | 0.729 | 38 | high |
| Gender wage gap and Health coverage indexCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Health coverage index by country | +0.12 | +0.18 | 0.267 | 38 | proxy |
| Gender wage gap and Birth rateCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Birth rate by country | -0.15 | -0.17 | 0.673 | 38 | proxy |
| Gender wage gap and DTP3 immunisationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. DTP3 immunisation by country | -0.19 | -0.17 | 0.771 | 38 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Median ageCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Median age by country | +0.13 | +0.17 | 0.563 | 38 | proxy |
| Gender wage gap and Trade opennessCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Trade openness by country | -0.19 | -0.17 | 0.308 | 38 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Infrastructure scoreAlmost no link either way. Infrastructure score by country | +0.05 | +0.16 | 0.485 | 38 | proxy |
| Gender wage gap and Compulsory schoolingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Compulsory schooling by country | -0.14 | -0.16 | 0.543 | 38 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Alcohol consumptionAlmost no link either way. Alcohol consumption by country | +0.10 | +0.16 | 0.764 | 38 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Population 0-14Could easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Population 0-14 by country | -0.13 | -0.16 | 0.717 | 38 | proxy |
| Gender wage gap and Governance scoreAlmost no link either way. Governance score by country | +0.09 | +0.16 | 0.711 | 38 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Women's age at first marriageCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Women's age at first marriage by country | -0.23 | -0.16 | 0.364 | 36 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Birth registrationAlmost no link either way. Birth registration by country | +0.04 | +0.16 | 0.094 | 37 | proxy |
| Gender wage gap and Fixed broadbandAlmost no link either way. Fixed broadband by country | +0.07 | +0.15 | 0.531 | 38 | proxy |
| Gender wage gap and Regime typeAlmost no link either way. Regime type by country | +0.09 | +0.15 | 0.633 | 38 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Market-income GiniCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Market-income Gini by country | -0.12 | -0.14 | 0.597 | 37 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Maternal mortalityAlmost no link either way. Maternal mortality by country | -0.05 | -0.14 | 0.575 | 38 | proxy |
| Gender wage gap and Fertility rateCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Fertility rate by country | -0.13 | -0.14 | 0.769 | 38 | proxy |
| Gender wage gap and InflationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Inflation by country | -0.11 | -0.13 | 0.525 | 38 | independent |
| Gender wage gap and Participatory democracyAlmost no link either way. Participatory democracy by country | +0.07 | +0.13 | 0.759 | 38 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and PhysiciansCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Physicians by country | -0.15 | -0.13 | 0.685 | 38 | proxy |
| Gender wage gap and Political rights (FH)Almost no link either way. Political rights (FH) by country | -0.08 | -0.13 | 0.725 | 38 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Conflict deathsAlmost no link either way. Conflict deaths by country | -0.05 | -0.12 | 0.465 | 38 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Extreme poverty rateAlmost no link either way. Extreme poverty rate by country | -0.05 | -0.12 | 0.510 | 37 | proxy |
| Gender wage gap and Internet usersAlmost no link either way. Internet users by country | +0.00 | +0.11 | 0.459 | 38 | proxy |
| Gender wage gap and Civil liberties (FH)Almost no link either way. Civil liberties (FH) by country | -0.05 | -0.11 | 0.747 | 38 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Gender Development IndexAlmost no link either way. Gender Development Index by country | +0.10 | +0.11 | 0.851 | 38 | high |
| Gender wage gap and Active labour market spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Active labour market spending by country | -0.14 | -0.11 | 0.671 | 38 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Divorce rateCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Divorce rate by country | +0.12 | +0.11 | 0.152 | 38 | independent |
| Gender wage gap and Unemployment benefit spendingAlmost no link either way. Unemployment benefit spending by country | +0.07 | +0.10 | 0.741 | 36 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Food insecurityAlmost no link either way. Food insecurity by country | +0.01 | -0.10 | 0.804 | 37 | proxy |
| Gender wage gap and Family benefits spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Family benefits spending by country | -0.12 | -0.10 | 0.735 | 38 | independent |
| Gender wage gap and UndernourishmentAlmost no link either way. Undernourishment by country | -0.04 | -0.10 | 0.440 | 37 | proxy |
| Gender wage gap and Gender scoreAlmost no link either way. Gender score by country | -0.10 | -0.09 | 0.873 | 38 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Freedom of associationAlmost no link either way. Freedom of association by country | +0.05 | +0.09 | 0.820 | 38 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Road traffic deathsAlmost no link either way. Road traffic deaths by country | +0.00 | -0.09 | 0.612 | 38 | high |
| Gender wage gap and Tertiary enrollmentAlmost no link either way. Tertiary enrollment by country | +0.08 | +0.08 | 0.801 | 38 | high |
| Gender wage gap and Civil society participationAlmost no link either way. Civil society participation by country | +0.01 | +0.07 | 0.835 | 38 | independent |
| Gender wage gap and Basic water accessAlmost no link either way. Basic water access by country | +0.06 | +0.07 | 0.196 | 38 | proxy |
| Gender wage gap and Out of school, primaryAlmost no link either way. Out of school, primary by country | -0.03 | -0.07 | 0.877 | 38 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Tobacco useAlmost no link either way. Tobacco use by country | +0.07 | +0.07 | 0.806 | 38 | independent |
| Gender wage gap and Anaemia in womenAlmost no link either way. Anaemia in women by country | -0.03 | -0.06 | 0.605 | 38 | high |
| Gender wage gap and Voice and accountabilityAlmost no link either way. Voice and accountability by country | -0.01 | +0.06 | 0.910 | 38 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Interpersonal trustAlmost no link either way. Interpersonal trust by country | -0.06 | +0.06 | 0.855 | 36 | high |
| Gender wage gap and Life expectancyAlmost no link either way. Life expectancy by country | -0.01 | +0.06 | 0.867 | 38 | proxy |
| Gender wage gap and Wellbeing scoreAlmost no link either way. Wellbeing score by country | -0.06 | +0.05 | 0.919 | 36 | high |
| Gender wage gap and GDP growthAlmost no link either way. GDP growth by country | -0.07 | -0.05 | 0.788 | 38 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Informal employmentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Informal employment by country | +0.12 | +0.05 | 0.930 | 32 | proxy |
| Gender wage gap and Women in a unionAlmost no link either way. Women in a union by country | -0.06 | -0.04 | 0.893 | 38 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Premature NCD mortalityAlmost no link either way. Premature NCD mortality by country | -0.00 | -0.04 | 0.898 | 38 | high |
| Gender wage gap and Marriage rate (UN)Almost no link either way. Marriage rate (UN) by country | +0.04 | +0.04 | 0.627 | 37 | independent |
| Gender wage gap and Pre-trial detainee shareAlmost no link either way. Pre-trial detainee share by country | +0.02 | +0.04 | 0.739 | 37 | independent |
| Gender wage gap and Women ministersAlmost no link either way. Women ministers by country | +0.03 | +0.04 | 0.949 | 38 | independent |
| Gender wage gap and Education scoreAlmost no link either way. Education score by country | -0.07 | -0.03 | 0.878 | 38 | proxy |
| Gender wage gap and Education spendingAlmost no link either way. Education spending by country | +0.02 | +0.03 | 0.853 | 38 | independent |
| Gender wage gap and Equality scoreAlmost no link either way. Equality score by country | -0.03 | +0.03 | 0.854 | 37 | high |
| Gender wage gap and Marriage rateAlmost no link either way. Marriage rate by country | +0.02 | +0.03 | 0.803 | 38 | independent |
| Gender wage gap and Corporate tax rateAlmost no link either way. Corporate tax rate by country | +0.05 | +0.02 | 0.930 | 36 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Gini indexAlmost no link either way. Gini index by country | +0.04 | -0.02 | 0.893 | 37 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Government consumptionAlmost no link either way. Government consumption by country | -0.04 | -0.02 | 0.878 | 38 | independent |
| Gender wage gap and Women in managementAlmost no link either way. Women in management by country | +0.01 | -0.02 | 0.975 | 35 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Women's political empowermentAlmost no link either way. Women's political empowerment by country | -0.02 | +0.02 | 0.958 | 38 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Political stabilityAlmost no link either way. Political stability by country | -0.03 | +0.02 | 0.966 | 38 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Electricity accessAlmost no link either way. Electricity access by country | -0.04 | +0.01 | 0.900 | 38 | high |
| Gender wage gap and Children with one parentAlmost no link either way. Children with one parent by country | -0.03 | -0.01 | 0.980 | 33 | independent |
| Gender wage gap and Basic sanitationAlmost no link either way. Basic sanitation by country | +0.01 | +0.01 | 0.971 | 38 | high |
| Gender wage gap and Single-parent householdsAlmost no link either way. Single-parent households by country | +0.03 | +0.00 | 0.986 | 30 | independent |
| Gender wage gap and UrbanizationAlmost no link either way. Urbanization by country | -0.02 | -0.00 | 0.986 | 38 | high |
| Gender wage gap and Self-reported happinessAlmost no link either way. Self-reported happiness by country | -0.07 | +0.00 | 0.987 | 36 | moderate |
| Gender wage gap and Slum share of urban populationAlmost no link either way. Slum share of urban population by country | +0.05 | +0.00 | 0.993 | 37 | high |
| Gender wage gap and Divorce rate (UN)Almost no link either way. Divorce rate (UN) by country | +0.03 | -0.00 | 1.000 | 35 | independent |
| Gender wage gap and GDP per capita (PPP)One side of this pair is national income itself, the thing the other figures adjust for. Adjusting income for income leaves nothing, so there is no adjusted figure. The unadjusted link shows how closely the other measure follows income. GDP per capita (PPP) by country | -0.15 | — | — | 38 | proxy |
| Gender wage gap and GNI per capita (PPP)One side of this pair is national income itself, the thing the other figures adjust for. Adjusting income for income leaves nothing, so there is no adjusted figure. The unadjusted link shows how closely the other measure follows income. GNI per capita (PPP) by country | -0.10 | — | — | 38 | proxy |
| Gender wage gap and GDP per capita (market)One side of this pair is national income itself, the thing the other figures adjust for. Adjusting income for income leaves nothing, so there is no adjusted figure. The unadjusted link shows how closely the other measure follows income. GDP per capita (market) by country | -0.11 | — | — | 38 | proxy |
Source
OECD · via Our World in Data
CC BY 4.0 (OECD terms and conditions) · licence terms · updated annual, except the snapshots noted per indicator
OECD databases as named on each indicator: PISA, Social Expenditure Database (SOCX), Income Distribution Database, Development Assistance Committee statistics, Family Database, Government at a Glance, Corporate Tax Statistics, employment and environment statistics