Employment in agriculture
Employment in agriculture (% of total employment)
Link with national income-0.86essentially a measure of national income
Links that hold up12of 158 pairs tested
Unit% of employmenthigher is neither better nor worse
SourceWDICC BY 4.0
What this measures. Estimated with a model by the ILO. The classic measure of a country moving from farming to industry and services. It is one of the measures most closely linked to income on the site. No "better" direction is set, because a farming country is not doing badly by farming.
How it has moved
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Every country, every year
One row per country and one column per year, sorted by the most recent value. Hover over any cell to see the figure. The country names link to each country’s page.
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Links that hold up
r is how closely two measures rise and fall together across countries, from −1 (opposite) to +1 (in step), where 0 means no link. These pairs are ranked by the link after adjusting for national income, which means comparing countries with the same GDP per person. Each pair passed three checks. The link held after that adjustment. It was unlikely to be chance (q of 0.05 or less), even allowing for countries in the same region being alike and for the many pairs tested. And the two are not just two measures of the same thing. Very small q values are written in short form: 8.0e-5 means 0.000080.
| Measure | Before adjusting | After adjusting | q | Countries | Tracks income? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Employment in agriculture and Vulnerable employmentWhere Employment in agriculture is higher, Vulnerable employment tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Vulnerable employment by country | +0.91 | +0.69 | 0.003 | 177 | proxy |
| Employment in agriculture and Female labor participationWhere Employment in agriculture is higher, Female labor participation tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Female labor participation by country | +0.21 | +0.48 | 0.033 | 177 | independent |
| Employment in agriculture and Public social spendingWhere Employment in agriculture is higher, Public social spending tends to be lower: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Public social spending by country | -0.61 | -0.45 | 0.046 | 42 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Hours workedWhere Employment in agriculture is higher, Hours worked tends to be higher: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Hours worked by country | +0.61 | +0.39 | 0.045 | 38 | high |
| Employment in agriculture and Skilled birth attendanceWhere Employment in agriculture is higher, Skilled birth attendance tends to be lower: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Skilled birth attendance by country | -0.73 | -0.38 | 0.037 | 164 | high |
| Employment in agriculture and Women in a unionWhere Employment in agriculture is higher, Women in a union tends to be higher: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Women in a union by country | +0.51 | +0.36 | 0.003 | 176 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Health coverage indexWhere Employment in agriculture is higher, Health coverage index tends to be lower: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Health coverage index by country | -0.81 | -0.33 | 0.041 | 173 | proxy |
| Employment in agriculture and Birth registrationWhere Employment in agriculture is higher, Birth registration tends to be lower: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Birth registration by country | -0.70 | -0.32 | 0.043 | 159 | proxy |
| Employment in agriculture and Slum share of urban populationWhere Employment in agriculture is higher, Slum share of urban population tends to be higher: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Slum share of urban population by country | +0.73 | +0.29 | 0.034 | 171 | high |
| Employment in agriculture and HDIWhere Employment in agriculture is higher, HDI tends to be lower: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. HDI by country | -0.83 | -0.22 | 0.039 | 174 | proxy |
| Employment in agriculture and Education spendingWhere Employment in agriculture is higher, Education spending tends to be lower: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Education spending by country | -0.29 | -0.21 | 0.024 | 168 | independent |
| Employment in agriculture and Refugees originatingComparing only countries with similar income, Refugees originating tends to be lower where Employment in agriculture is higher: the opposite of the unadjusted figure, which only showed the income gap between countries. Refugees originating by country | +0.14 | -0.14 | 0.045 | 175 | moderate |
How much the other measures account for
The 71 most widely reported measures boil down to a few broad patterns. This table shows how much of the differences between countries on this measure those patterns account for, adding one pattern at a time. The patterns are rebuilt without this measure, and without anything built from the same numbers or measuring the same thing. So it never predicts itself under another name. The figures use the 131 countries reporting all of them, and 71 candidate measures.
This shows how much it moves with the others. It does not explain anything. Measures that move together end up on the same pattern whether or not anything connects them. And the countries here are the best-documented ones. A high figure means this measure is largely predictable from the others, not that they produce it.
| Patterns used | Share of this measure accounted for | Added by this pattern |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 76% | — |
| 2 | 77% | +1% |
| 3 | 77% | +0% |
| 4 | 80% | +3% |
| 5 | 80% | +0% |
| 6 | 80% | +0% |
How it differs by category
This compares the measure across groups of countries, such as those sharing a main religion, instead of against another number. The figure is the share of the differences between countries on this measure that lies between the groups, on a scale from 0 to 1. It is shown before and after adjusting for national income.
The “between groups” figure runs from 0 (the groups are no different) to 1 (the groups explain all the differences between countries). Groups have no up or down, so this says how much the groups differ, never which way. For that, read the group averages. The figure also tends to rise when there are more groups. So to judge whether it could be chance (q), we shuffle the same labels among the same countries many times and see how often a figure this big turns up. Then we allow for the fact that many measures are checked at once, since with enough checks a few big figures turn up by luck alone. Groups with fewer than 12 countries are left out. And countries that share a label share a lot else. Adjusting for income rules out one third factor, but leaves language, region, legal tradition and history untouched.
| Grouped by | Between groups | After income | q | Groups at each end |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Last European coloniser | 0.37 | 0.13 | 0.633 | largest: France 39.4% · smallest: Spain 19.8% % of employment |
| Largest religious group | 0.09 | 0.12 | 0.203 | largest: Muslims 24.9% · smallest: Christians 21% % of employment |
Every other pair
Everything else this measure was tested against, apart from the links that hold up and the pairs built from the same numbers. Sorted by the link after adjusting. Search by name; every column sorts. A small adjusted figure is a result too. It says the two do not move together once income is set aside.
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| Employment in agriculture and UnemploymentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Unemployment by country | -0.17 | -0.43 | 0.081 | 177 | independent |
| Employment in agriculture and Basic water accessLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.40) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Basic water access by country | -0.79 | -0.40 | 0.111 | 176 | proxy |
| Employment in agriculture and Child stuntingLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.40) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Child stunting by country | +0.78 | +0.40 | 0.084 | 150 | proxy |
| Employment in agriculture and Electricity accessLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.39) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Electricity access by country | -0.77 | -0.39 | 0.139 | 177 | high |
| Employment in agriculture and Basic sanitationLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.38) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Basic sanitation by country | -0.79 | -0.38 | 0.142 | 176 | high |
| Employment in agriculture and Adolescent fertilityLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.38) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Adolescent fertility by country | +0.77 | +0.38 | 0.110 | 177 | proxy |
| Employment in agriculture and Extreme poverty rateLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.38) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Extreme poverty rate by country | +0.77 | +0.38 | 0.088 | 155 | proxy |
| Employment in agriculture and Internet usersLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.38) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Internet users by country | -0.83 | -0.38 | 0.236 | 177 | proxy |
| Employment in agriculture and Male labor participationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Male labor participation by country | +0.21 | +0.38 | 0.158 | 177 | independent |
| Employment in agriculture and Adult obesityCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Adult obesity by country | -0.49 | -0.36 | 0.078 | 174 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and UrbanizationLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.35) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Urbanization by country | -0.71 | -0.35 | 0.139 | 177 | high |
| Employment in agriculture and Gender wage gapCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Gender wage gap by country | -0.18 | -0.34 | 0.285 | 38 | independent |
| Employment in agriculture and Infrastructure scoreLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.34) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Infrastructure score by country | -0.83 | -0.34 | 0.057 | 177 | proxy |
| Employment in agriculture and Pupil-teacher ratioLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.33) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Pupil-teacher ratio by country | +0.78 | +0.33 | 0.078 | 164 | proxy |
| Employment in agriculture and Married by 18Linked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.33) could easily be chance. Married by 18 by country | +0.65 | +0.33 | 0.169 | 131 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Youth not in work or studyCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Youth not in work or study by country | +0.31 | -0.32 | 0.226 | 162 | high |
| Employment in agriculture and Primary completionLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.32) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Primary completion by country | -0.75 | -0.32 | 0.105 | 158 | proxy |
| Employment in agriculture and Children with one parentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Children with one parent by country | -0.31 | -0.31 | 0.151 | 38 | independent |
| Employment in agriculture and Informal employmentLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.31) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Informal employment by country | +0.82 | +0.31 | 0.114 | 132 | proxy |
| Employment in agriculture and Old-age spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Old-age spending by country | -0.33 | -0.30 | 0.126 | 42 | independent |
| Employment in agriculture and Marriage rateCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Marriage rate by country | +0.25 | +0.29 | 0.510 | 46 | independent |
| Employment in agriculture and Trust in governmentAlmost no link either way. Trust in government by country | -0.00 | +0.29 | 0.494 | 47 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Recycling rateLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.28) could easily be chance. Recycling rate by country | -0.51 | -0.28 | 0.501 | 35 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Under-5 mortalityLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.28) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Under-5 mortality by country | +0.75 | +0.28 | 0.060 | 173 | proxy |
| Employment in agriculture and Retirement age, menCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Retirement age, men by country | +0.41 | +0.28 | 0.182 | 49 | independent |
| Employment in agriculture and Adult literacyLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.27) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Adult literacy by country | -0.70 | -0.27 | 0.183 | 126 | high |
| Employment in agriculture and Fertility rateLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.27) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Fertility rate by country | +0.77 | +0.27 | 0.209 | 177 | proxy |
| Employment in agriculture and Birth rateLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.27) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Birth rate by country | +0.79 | +0.27 | 0.214 | 177 | proxy |
| Employment in agriculture and RedistributionLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.26) could easily be chance. Redistribution by country | -0.59 | -0.26 | 0.208 | 45 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Infant mortalityLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.26) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Infant mortality by country | +0.75 | +0.26 | 0.051 | 173 | proxy |
| Employment in agriculture and Women in managementCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Women in management by country | -0.37 | -0.25 | 0.164 | 140 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Secondary enrollmentLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.25) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Secondary enrollment by country | -0.74 | -0.25 | 0.255 | 169 | high |
| Employment in agriculture and Government expenseCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Government expense by country | -0.49 | -0.24 | 0.183 | 144 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Conflict deathsAlmost no link either way. Conflict deaths by country | -0.01 | -0.23 | 0.124 | 173 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Environment scoreCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Environment score by country | +0.42 | +0.23 | 0.316 | 176 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Population 0-14Linked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.22) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Population 0-14 by country | +0.79 | +0.22 | 0.282 | 177 | proxy |
| Employment in agriculture and Women's age at first marriageCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Women's age at first marriage by country | -0.43 | -0.22 | 0.680 | 40 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Free and fair electionsLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.22) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Free and fair elections by country | -0.58 | -0.22 | 0.455 | 166 | high |
| Employment in agriculture and Family benefits spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Family benefits spending by country | -0.39 | -0.22 | 0.186 | 42 | independent |
| Employment in agriculture and Life expectancyLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.22) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Life expectancy by country | -0.78 | -0.22 | 0.092 | 177 | proxy |
| Employment in agriculture and Health spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Health spending by country | -0.35 | -0.20 | 0.148 | 173 | independent |
| Employment in agriculture and Confidence in religious institutionsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Confidence in religious institutions by country | +0.50 | +0.20 | 0.205 | 105 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Marriage rate (UN)Could easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Marriage rate (UN) by country | +0.33 | +0.20 | 0.385 | 92 | independent |
| Employment in agriculture and Anaemia in womenLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.20) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Anaemia in women by country | +0.63 | +0.20 | 0.103 | 172 | high |
| Employment in agriculture and Homicide rateAlmost no link either way. Homicide rate by country | -0.00 | -0.20 | 0.220 | 153 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Aid givenCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Aid given by country | -0.34 | +0.19 | 0.094 | 47 | high |
| Employment in agriculture and Tax revenueCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Tax revenue by country | -0.37 | -0.19 | 0.386 | 143 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Alcohol consumptionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Alcohol consumption by country | -0.31 | +0.19 | 0.263 | 172 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Health scoreCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Health score by country | -0.12 | +0.19 | 0.139 | 173 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Protected landAlmost no link either way. Protected land by country | -0.07 | +0.19 | 0.239 | 176 | independent |
| Employment in agriculture and GDP growthCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. GDP growth by country | +0.27 | +0.19 | 0.089 | 177 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Political rights (FH)Could easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Political rights (FH) by country | +0.49 | +0.18 | 0.543 | 174 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Maternal mortalityLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.18) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Maternal mortality by country | +0.66 | +0.18 | 0.416 | 174 | proxy |
| Employment in agriculture and Freedom of expressionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Freedom of expression by country | -0.29 | -0.18 | 0.368 | 166 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Muslim shareCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Muslim share by country | +0.11 | -0.18 | 0.464 | 177 | independent |
| Employment in agriculture and Electoral democracyCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Electoral democracy by country | -0.47 | -0.17 | 0.519 | 166 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Population growthLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.17) could easily be chance. Population growth by country | +0.51 | +0.17 | 0.475 | 177 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and PISA scienceLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.17) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. PISA science by country | -0.59 | -0.17 | 0.273 | 86 | high |
| Employment in agriculture and Forest areaAlmost no link either way. Forest area by country | +0.03 | +0.17 | 0.465 | 175 | independent |
| Employment in agriculture and Political civil libertiesCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Political civil liberties by country | -0.31 | -0.17 | 0.421 | 166 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Equality scoreLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.17) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Equality score by country | -0.63 | -0.17 | 0.360 | 155 | high |
| Employment in agriculture and Liberal democracyLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.17) could easily be chance. Liberal democracy by country | -0.52 | -0.17 | 0.513 | 166 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Frequent prayerCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Frequent prayer by country | +0.44 | -0.17 | 0.350 | 77 | high |
| Employment in agriculture and Education scoreLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.17) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Education score by country | -0.74 | -0.17 | 0.065 | 174 | proxy |
| Employment in agriculture and Single-parent householdsAlmost no link either way. Single-parent households by country | -0.04 | -0.16 | 0.439 | 143 | independent |
| Employment in agriculture and Civil liberties (FH)Could easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Civil liberties (FH) by country | +0.49 | +0.16 | 0.494 | 174 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Governance scoreCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Governance score by country | -0.49 | -0.16 | 0.453 | 168 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and PISA readingLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.16) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. PISA reading by country | -0.58 | -0.16 | 0.161 | 86 | high |
| Employment in agriculture and Market-income GiniCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Market-income Gini by country | +0.23 | -0.15 | 0.740 | 45 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Tobacco useCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Tobacco use by country | -0.26 | -0.15 | 0.504 | 157 | independent |
| Employment in agriculture and Births outside marriageAlmost no link either way. Births outside marriage by country | -0.06 | -0.15 | 0.792 | 42 | independent |
| Employment in agriculture and Compulsory schoolingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Compulsory schooling by country | -0.39 | -0.15 | 0.076 | 166 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Mean years of schoolingLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.15) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Mean years of schooling by country | -0.74 | -0.15 | 0.143 | 174 | proxy |
| Employment in agriculture and Divorce rate (UN)Almost no link either way. Divorce rate (UN) by country | +0.10 | +0.14 | 0.538 | 83 | independent |
| Employment in agriculture and Freedom of associationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Freedom of association by country | -0.30 | -0.14 | 0.513 | 166 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Participatory democracyCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Participatory democracy by country | -0.46 | -0.14 | 0.594 | 166 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Retirement age, womenCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Retirement age, women by country | +0.19 | +0.14 | 0.506 | 49 | independent |
| Employment in agriculture and PISA mathsLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.13) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. PISA maths by country | -0.57 | -0.13 | 0.445 | 86 | high |
| Employment in agriculture and Corporate tax rateCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Corporate tax rate by country | +0.37 | +0.13 | 0.478 | 80 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Median ageLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.13) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Median age by country | -0.74 | -0.13 | 0.368 | 177 | proxy |
| Employment in agriculture and ResearchersLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.12) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Researchers by country | -0.55 | +0.12 | 0.530 | 131 | proxy |
| Employment in agriculture and Tuberculosis incidenceCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Tuberculosis incidence by country | +0.49 | +0.12 | 0.351 | 176 | high |
| Employment in agriculture and Government effectivenessLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.12) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Government effectiveness by country | -0.65 | +0.12 | 0.412 | 177 | proxy |
| Employment in agriculture and Self-reported happinessCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Self-reported happiness by country | -0.33 | -0.12 | 0.535 | 105 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Voice and accountabilityLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.11) could easily be chance. Voice and accountability by country | -0.54 | -0.11 | 0.631 | 177 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Labour scoreLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.11) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Labour score by country | -0.56 | +0.11 | 0.596 | 177 | high |
| Employment in agriculture and Out of school, primaryCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Out of school, primary by country | +0.47 | +0.11 | 0.237 | 168 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Regime typeCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Regime type by country | -0.45 | -0.11 | 0.659 | 166 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Women in parliamentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Women in parliament by country | -0.12 | +0.11 | 0.429 | 172 | independent |
| Employment in agriculture and PhysiciansLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Physicians by country | -0.68 | -0.10 | 0.545 | 173 | proxy |
| Employment in agriculture and Religion very importantCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Religion very important by country | +0.47 | -0.10 | 0.626 | 105 | high |
| Employment in agriculture and Political corruptionLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Political corruption by country | +0.59 | +0.10 | 0.576 | 166 | high |
| Employment in agriculture and Age at childbearingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Age at childbearing by country | -0.42 | -0.09 | 0.626 | 177 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Premature NCD mortalityLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Premature NCD mortality by country | +0.59 | +0.09 | 0.615 | 174 | high |
| Employment in agriculture and Divorce rateAlmost no link either way. Divorce rate by country | +0.02 | -0.09 | 0.353 | 45 | independent |
| Employment in agriculture and Military spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Military spending by country | -0.13 | -0.09 | 0.371 | 154 | independent |
| Employment in agriculture and Public order spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Public order spending by country | +0.48 | +0.09 | 0.354 | 37 | high |
| Employment in agriculture and Road traffic deathsLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Road traffic deaths by country | +0.60 | +0.08 | 0.397 | 173 | high |
| Employment in agriculture and Civil society participationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Civil society participation by country | -0.21 | -0.08 | 0.556 | 166 | independent |
| Employment in agriculture and Active labour market spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Active labour market spending by country | -0.40 | -0.08 | 0.761 | 42 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Regulatory qualityLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Regulatory quality by country | -0.63 | +0.08 | 0.569 | 177 | proxy |
| Employment in agriculture and DTP3 immunisationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. DTP3 immunisation by country | -0.47 | -0.08 | 0.180 | 173 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Gini indexCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Gini index by country | +0.21 | -0.08 | 0.504 | 155 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and One-person householdsLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. One-person households by country | -0.59 | -0.08 | 0.686 | 143 | high |
| Employment in agriculture and Fixed broadbandLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Fixed broadband by country | -0.71 | -0.07 | 0.568 | 177 | proxy |
| Employment in agriculture and Gender scoreCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Gender score by country | -0.23 | +0.07 | 0.665 | 171 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Out-of-pocket health spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Out-of-pocket health spending by country | +0.36 | +0.07 | 0.483 | 173 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Inequality-adjusted HDILinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Inequality-adjusted HDI by country | -0.80 | -0.07 | 0.575 | 160 | proxy |
| Employment in agriculture and Interpersonal trustCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Interpersonal trust by country | -0.44 | +0.07 | 0.642 | 105 | high |
| Employment in agriculture and Primary enrollmentAlmost no link either way. Primary enrollment by country | +0.08 | +0.07 | 0.611 | 173 | independent |
| Employment in agriculture and Trade opennessCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Trade openness by country | -0.39 | -0.06 | 0.706 | 165 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Government spending per capitaLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Government spending per capita by country | -0.66 | -0.06 | 0.808 | 43 | proxy |
| Employment in agriculture and Government consumptionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Government consumption by country | -0.20 | -0.06 | 0.386 | 166 | independent |
| Employment in agriculture and Population 65+Linked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Population 65+ by country | -0.63 | -0.06 | 0.553 | 177 | high |
| Employment in agriculture and Christian shareAlmost no link either way. Christian share by country | +0.01 | +0.06 | 0.857 | 177 | independent |
| Employment in agriculture and Agricultural landCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Agricultural land by country | +0.20 | -0.06 | 0.735 | 176 | independent |
| Employment in agriculture and Armed conflict presentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Armed conflict present by country | +0.37 | +0.05 | 0.695 | 173 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Mobile subscriptionsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Mobile subscriptions by country | -0.33 | +0.05 | 0.642 | 177 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Women ministersCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Women ministers by country | -0.14 | +0.05 | 0.703 | 172 | independent |
| Employment in agriculture and Expected schoolingLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Expected schooling by country | -0.68 | -0.05 | 0.763 | 174 | proxy |
| Employment in agriculture and HIV prevalenceCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. HIV prevalence by country | +0.16 | -0.04 | 0.707 | 144 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Unemployment benefit spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Unemployment benefit spending by country | -0.20 | -0.04 | 0.862 | 39 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Tertiary enrollmentLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Tertiary enrollment by country | -0.65 | -0.03 | 0.714 | 163 | high |
| Employment in agriculture and Gender Inequality IndexLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Gender Inequality Index by country | +0.73 | -0.03 | 0.608 | 167 | proxy |
| Employment in agriculture and Food insecurityLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Food insecurity by country | +0.71 | +0.03 | 0.773 | 147 | proxy |
| Employment in agriculture and Wellbeing scoreLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Wellbeing score by country | -0.61 | -0.03 | 0.921 | 105 | high |
| Employment in agriculture and Political stabilityLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Political stability by country | -0.54 | -0.03 | 0.930 | 177 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and InflationAlmost no link either way. Inflation by country | +0.09 | -0.03 | 0.198 | 173 | independent |
| Employment in agriculture and Hospital bedsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Hospital beds by country | -0.44 | -0.03 | 0.761 | 161 | high |
| Employment in agriculture and Control of corruptionLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Control of corruption by country | -0.61 | -0.02 | 0.892 | 177 | high |
| Employment in agriculture and Life satisfactionLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Life satisfaction by country | -0.68 | -0.02 | 0.927 | 159 | proxy |
| Employment in agriculture and CO2 per capitaCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. CO2 per capita by country | -0.48 | +0.02 | 0.717 | 174 | proxy |
| Employment in agriculture and Pre-trial detainee shareCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Pre-trial detainee share by country | +0.26 | -0.02 | 0.875 | 158 | independent |
| Employment in agriculture and UndernourishmentLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Undernourishment by country | +0.63 | +0.02 | 0.815 | 160 | proxy |
| Employment in agriculture and Women's political empowermentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Women's political empowerment by country | -0.36 | +0.02 | 0.919 | 166 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Suicide rateCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Suicide rate by country | -0.19 | +0.02 | 0.945 | 174 | independent |
| Employment in agriculture and Religiously unaffiliatedCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Religiously unaffiliated by country | -0.37 | +0.02 | 0.908 | 177 | moderate |
| Employment in agriculture and Gender Development IndexLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Gender Development Index by country | -0.53 | +0.02 | 0.953 | 170 | high |
| Employment in agriculture and FDI inflowsAlmost no link either way. FDI inflows by country | -0.03 | -0.02 | 0.813 | 175 | independent |
| Employment in agriculture and Migrant share of populationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Migrant share of population by country | -0.49 | -0.01 | 0.929 | 177 | high |
| Employment in agriculture and Rule of lawLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Rule of law by country | -0.62 | -0.01 | 0.959 | 177 | high |
| Employment in agriculture and Religious attendanceLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Religious attendance by country | +0.53 | -0.01 | 0.943 | 103 | high |
| Employment in agriculture and Corruption Perceptions IndexLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Corruption Perceptions Index by country | -0.59 | +0.01 | 0.965 | 171 | high |
| Employment in agriculture and GDP per capita (PPP)One side of this pair is national income itself, the thing the other figures adjust for. Adjusting income for income leaves nothing, so there is no adjusted figure. The unadjusted link shows how closely the other measure follows income. GDP per capita (PPP) by country | -0.65 | — | — | 177 | proxy |
| Employment in agriculture and GNI per capita (PPP)One side of this pair is national income itself, the thing the other figures adjust for. Adjusting income for income leaves nothing, so there is no adjusted figure. The unadjusted link shows how closely the other measure follows income. GNI per capita (PPP) by country | -0.66 | — | — | 176 | proxy |
| Employment in agriculture and GDP per capita (market)One side of this pair is national income itself, the thing the other figures adjust for. Adjusting income for income leaves nothing, so there is no adjusted figure. The unadjusted link shows how closely the other measure follows income. GDP per capita (market) by country | -0.58 | — | — | 177 | proxy |
Source
International Labour Organization
CC BY 4.0 · licence terms · updated quarterly
World Bank, World Development Indicators