Basic sanitation
People using at least basic sanitation services (% of population)
Link with national income+0.79strongly income-linked
Links that hold up28of 158 pairs tested
Unit% of populationhigher is better
SourceWDICC BY 4.0
How it has moved
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Every country, every year
One row per country and one column per year, sorted by the most recent value. Hover over any cell to see the figure. The country names link to each country’s page.
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Links that hold up
r is how closely two measures rise and fall together across countries, from −1 (opposite) to +1 (in step), where 0 means no link. These pairs are ranked by the link after adjusting for national income, which means comparing countries with the same GDP per person. Each pair passed three checks. The link held after that adjustment. It was unlikely to be chance (q of 0.05 or less), even allowing for countries in the same region being alike and for the many pairs tested. And the two are not just two measures of the same thing. Very small q values are written in short form: 8.0e-5 means 0.000080.
| Measure | Before adjusting | After adjusting | q | Countries | Tracks income? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Basic sanitation and Basic water accessWhere Basic sanitation is higher, Basic water access tends to be higher: a strong link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Basic water access by country | +0.89 | +0.72 | 0.017 | 197 | proxy |
| Basic sanitation and Electricity accessWhere Basic sanitation is higher, Electricity access tends to be higher: a strong link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Electricity access by country | +0.88 | +0.71 | 0.001 | 197 | high |
| Basic sanitation and Health coverage indexWhere Basic sanitation is higher, Health coverage index tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Health coverage index by country | +0.88 | +0.63 | 0.002 | 185 | proxy |
| Basic sanitation and Under-5 mortalityWhere Basic sanitation is higher, Under-5 mortality tends to be lower: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Under-5 mortality by country | -0.84 | -0.58 | 0.018 | 186 | proxy |
| Basic sanitation and Maternal mortalityWhere Basic sanitation is higher, Maternal mortality tends to be lower: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Maternal mortality by country | -0.79 | -0.54 | 0.005 | 186 | proxy |
| Basic sanitation and Infant mortalityWhere Basic sanitation is higher, Infant mortality tends to be lower: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Infant mortality by country | -0.83 | -0.54 | 0.003 | 186 | proxy |
| Basic sanitation and Birth rateWhere Basic sanitation is higher, Birth rate tends to be lower: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Birth rate by country | -0.84 | -0.54 | 0.012 | 197 | proxy |
| Basic sanitation and Adolescent fertilityWhere Basic sanitation is higher, Adolescent fertility tends to be lower: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Adolescent fertility by country | -0.81 | -0.53 | 0.021 | 197 | proxy |
| Basic sanitation and Fertility rateWhere Basic sanitation is higher, Fertility rate tends to be lower: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Fertility rate by country | -0.82 | -0.50 | 0.001 | 197 | proxy |
| Basic sanitation and Skilled birth attendanceWhere Basic sanitation is higher, Skilled birth attendance tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Skilled birth attendance by country | +0.77 | +0.49 | 0.010 | 175 | high |
| Basic sanitation and Infrastructure scoreWhere Basic sanitation is higher, Infrastructure score tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Infrastructure score by country | +0.84 | +0.48 | 0.010 | 196 | proxy |
| Basic sanitation and Equality scoreWhere Basic sanitation is higher, Equality score tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Equality score by country | +0.72 | +0.45 | 0.013 | 161 | high |
| Basic sanitation and Birth registrationWhere Basic sanitation is higher, Birth registration tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Birth registration by country | +0.74 | +0.45 | 0.002 | 165 | proxy |
| Basic sanitation and Food insecurityWhere Basic sanitation is higher, Food insecurity tends to be lower: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Food insecurity by country | -0.83 | -0.45 | 0.010 | 155 | proxy |
| Basic sanitation and Internet usersWhere Basic sanitation is higher, Internet users tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Internet users by country | +0.81 | +0.43 | 0.033 | 195 | proxy |
| Basic sanitation and Adult literacyWhere Basic sanitation is higher, Adult literacy tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Adult literacy by country | +0.75 | +0.43 | 0.006 | 134 | high |
| Basic sanitation and Pupil-teacher ratioWhere Basic sanitation is higher, Pupil-teacher ratio tends to be lower: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Pupil-teacher ratio by country | -0.79 | -0.41 | 0.008 | 179 | proxy |
| Basic sanitation and HDIWhere Basic sanitation is higher, HDI tends to be higher: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. HDI by country | +0.83 | +0.40 | 0.020 | 186 | proxy |
| Basic sanitation and Education scoreWhere Basic sanitation is higher, Education score tends to be higher: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Education score by country | +0.78 | +0.39 | 0.036 | 190 | proxy |
| Basic sanitation and Adult obesityWhere Basic sanitation is higher, Adult obesity tends to be higher: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Adult obesity by country | +0.44 | +0.35 | 0.026 | 187 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and Tobacco useWhere Basic sanitation is higher, Tobacco use tends to be higher: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Tobacco use by country | +0.35 | +0.34 | 0.044 | 164 | independent |
| Basic sanitation and Married by 18Where Basic sanitation is higher, Married by 18 tends to be lower: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Married by 18 by country | -0.64 | -0.34 | 0.017 | 134 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and Public social spendingWhere Basic sanitation is higher, Public social spending tends to be higher: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Public social spending by country | +0.44 | +0.32 | 0.049 | 42 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and Road traffic deathsWhere Basic sanitation is higher, Road traffic deaths tends to be lower: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Road traffic deaths by country | -0.66 | -0.30 | 0.031 | 182 | high |
| Basic sanitation and Secondary enrollmentWhere Basic sanitation is higher, Secondary enrollment tends to be higher: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Secondary enrollment by country | +0.71 | +0.30 | 0.012 | 186 | high |
Links that don’t count as findings
These go together strongly, but they are built from the same numbers or measure the same thing. So they are bound to match, or their match shows that the measures agree, not something about the world.
| Measure | Before adjusting | After adjusting | q | Countries | Tracks income? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Basic sanitation and Health scoreNot an independent finding: one of these indices is built partly from the other, so their agreement is just arithmetic. Health score by country | +0.19 | -0.10 | 0.263 | 185 | moderate |
How much the other measures account for
The 71 most widely reported measures boil down to a few broad patterns. This table shows how much of the differences between countries on this measure those patterns account for, adding one pattern at a time. The patterns are rebuilt without this measure, and without anything built from the same numbers or measuring the same thing. So it never predicts itself under another name. The figures use the 133 countries reporting all of them, and 70 candidate measures.
This shows how much it moves with the others. It does not explain anything. Measures that move together end up on the same pattern whether or not anything connects them. And the countries here are the best-documented ones. A high figure means this measure is largely predictable from the others, not that they produce it.
| Patterns used | Share of this measure accounted for | Added by this pattern |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 71% | — |
| 2 | 80% | +9% |
| 3 | 86% | +7% |
| 4 | 86% | +0% |
| 5 | 86% | +0% |
| 6 | 87% | +0% |
This measure sits on the pattern all the measures share, which is national income under another name.
How it differs by category
This compares the measure across groups of countries, such as those sharing a main religion, instead of against another number. The figure is the share of the differences between countries on this measure that lies between the groups, on a scale from 0 to 1. It is shown before and after adjusting for national income.
The “between groups” figure runs from 0 (the groups are no different) to 1 (the groups explain all the differences between countries). Groups have no up or down, so this says how much the groups differ, never which way. For that, read the group averages. The figure also tends to rise when there are more groups. So to judge whether it could be chance (q), we shuffle the same labels among the same countries many times and see how often a figure this big turns up. Then we allow for the fact that many measures are checked at once, since with enough checks a few big figures turn up by luck alone. Groups with fewer than 12 countries are left out. And countries that share a label share a lot else. Adjusting for income rules out one third factor, but leaves language, region, legal tradition and history untouched.
| Grouped by | Between groups | After income | q | Groups at each end |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Last European coloniser | 0.45 | 0.26 | 0.059 | best: Spain 88.3% · worst: France 52.2% % of population |
| Largest religious group | 0.02 | 0.23 | 0.009 | best: Christians 78% · worst: Muslims 77.2% % of population |
Every other pair
Everything else this measure was tested against, apart from the links that hold up and the pairs built from the same numbers. Sorted by the link after adjusting. Search by name; every column sorts. A small adjusted figure is a result too. It says the two do not move together once income is set aside.
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| Basic sanitation and Extreme poverty rateLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.59) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Extreme poverty rate by country | -0.83 | -0.59 | 0.066 | 161 | proxy |
| Basic sanitation and Primary completionLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.50) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Primary completion by country | +0.80 | +0.50 | 0.149 | 160 | proxy |
| Basic sanitation and Female labor participationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Female labor participation by country | -0.24 | -0.49 | 0.107 | 176 | independent |
| Basic sanitation and Vulnerable employmentLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.46) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Vulnerable employment by country | -0.83 | -0.46 | 0.062 | 176 | proxy |
| Basic sanitation and Population 0-14Linked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.43) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Population 0-14 by country | -0.81 | -0.43 | 0.088 | 197 | proxy |
| Basic sanitation and Life expectancyLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.43) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Life expectancy by country | +0.81 | +0.43 | 0.051 | 197 | proxy |
| Basic sanitation and Public order spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Public order spending by country | -0.35 | -0.40 | 0.067 | 37 | high |
| Basic sanitation and Employment in agricultureLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.38) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Employment in agriculture by country | -0.79 | -0.38 | 0.142 | 176 | proxy |
| Basic sanitation and Inequality-adjusted HDILinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.37) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Inequality-adjusted HDI by country | +0.83 | +0.37 | 0.080 | 166 | proxy |
| Basic sanitation and Slum share of urban populationLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.36) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Slum share of urban population by country | -0.74 | -0.36 | 0.103 | 183 | high |
| Basic sanitation and Population growthLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.35) could easily be chance. Population growth by country | -0.56 | -0.35 | 0.264 | 197 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and UndernourishmentLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.35) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Undernourishment by country | -0.73 | -0.35 | 0.134 | 162 | proxy |
| Basic sanitation and Child stuntingLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.31) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Child stunting by country | -0.73 | -0.31 | 0.115 | 156 | proxy |
| Basic sanitation and Old-age spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Old-age spending by country | +0.33 | +0.29 | 0.207 | 42 | independent |
| Basic sanitation and Mean years of schoolingLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.29) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Mean years of schooling by country | +0.75 | +0.29 | 0.054 | 186 | proxy |
| Basic sanitation and One-person householdsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. One-person households by country | +0.42 | -0.29 | 0.163 | 149 | high |
| Basic sanitation and Environment scoreCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Environment score by country | -0.43 | -0.28 | 0.149 | 195 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and Market-income GiniCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Market-income Gini by country | -0.47 | -0.28 | 0.429 | 45 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and Anaemia in womenLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.28) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Anaemia in women by country | -0.65 | -0.28 | 0.152 | 185 | high |
| Basic sanitation and Religious attendanceLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.28) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Religious attendance by country | -0.61 | -0.28 | 0.423 | 103 | high |
| Basic sanitation and Median ageLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.26) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Median age by country | +0.75 | +0.26 | 0.236 | 197 | proxy |
| Basic sanitation and Gender Inequality IndexLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.25) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Gender Inequality Index by country | -0.78 | -0.25 | 0.245 | 168 | proxy |
| Basic sanitation and Tuberculosis incidenceLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.24) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Tuberculosis incidence by country | -0.54 | -0.24 | 0.071 | 195 | high |
| Basic sanitation and Civil society participationAlmost no link either way. Civil society participation by country | +0.02 | -0.24 | 0.187 | 166 | independent |
| Basic sanitation and Marriage rate (UN)Could easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Marriage rate (UN) by country | +0.10 | +0.24 | 0.454 | 103 | independent |
| Basic sanitation and Corruption Perceptions IndexCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Corruption Perceptions Index by country | +0.48 | -0.24 | 0.193 | 173 | high |
| Basic sanitation and Christian shareCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Christian share by country | -0.12 | -0.24 | 0.265 | 182 | independent |
| Basic sanitation and Alcohol consumptionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Alcohol consumption by country | +0.28 | -0.22 | 0.143 | 181 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and Conflict deathsAlmost no link either way. Conflict deaths by country | +0.02 | +0.22 | 0.176 | 186 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and Protected landAlmost no link either way. Protected land by country | +0.02 | -0.22 | 0.134 | 195 | independent |
| Basic sanitation and Children with one parentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Children with one parent by country | -0.19 | -0.21 | 0.084 | 38 | independent |
| Basic sanitation and PISA scienceCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. PISA science by country | +0.49 | +0.21 | 0.065 | 86 | high |
| Basic sanitation and Freedom of expressionAlmost no link either way. Freedom of expression by country | +0.07 | -0.21 | 0.244 | 166 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and Women's age at first marriageCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Women's age at first marriage by country | +0.25 | +0.21 | 0.542 | 40 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and Women ministersAlmost no link either way. Women ministers by country | +0.05 | -0.21 | 0.266 | 184 | independent |
| Basic sanitation and ResearchersCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Researchers by country | +0.46 | -0.21 | 0.379 | 131 | proxy |
| Basic sanitation and Political civil libertiesCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Political civil liberties by country | +0.11 | -0.20 | 0.215 | 166 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and Muslim shareAlmost no link either way. Muslim share by country | -0.07 | +0.20 | 0.360 | 182 | independent |
| Basic sanitation and PISA mathsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. PISA maths by country | +0.49 | +0.20 | 0.237 | 86 | high |
| Basic sanitation and Out of school, primaryCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Out of school, primary by country | -0.48 | -0.20 | 0.059 | 185 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and Tertiary enrollmentLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.20) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Tertiary enrollment by country | +0.64 | +0.20 | 0.127 | 177 | high |
| Basic sanitation and Age at childbearingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Age at childbearing by country | +0.24 | -0.20 | 0.106 | 197 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and Hours workedCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Hours worked by country | -0.43 | -0.19 | 0.365 | 38 | high |
| Basic sanitation and Gender scoreCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Gender score by country | +0.18 | -0.19 | 0.146 | 178 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and Health spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Health spending by country | +0.25 | +0.19 | 0.204 | 185 | independent |
| Basic sanitation and Regulatory qualityLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.19) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Regulatory quality by country | +0.56 | -0.19 | 0.347 | 193 | proxy |
| Basic sanitation and Refugees originatingAlmost no link either way. Refugees originating by country | -0.09 | +0.19 | 0.129 | 191 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and Compulsory schoolingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Compulsory schooling by country | +0.41 | +0.18 | 0.159 | 184 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and Self-reported happinessCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Self-reported happiness by country | +0.36 | +0.18 | 0.401 | 105 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and Freedom of associationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Freedom of association by country | +0.12 | -0.18 | 0.298 | 166 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and Women's political empowermentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Women's political empowerment by country | +0.27 | -0.17 | 0.196 | 166 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and Gini indexCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Gini index by country | -0.32 | -0.17 | 0.421 | 161 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and PhysiciansLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.17) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Physicians by country | +0.68 | +0.17 | 0.183 | 185 | proxy |
| Basic sanitation and Active labour market spendingAlmost no link either way. Active labour market spending by country | +0.05 | -0.17 | 0.198 | 42 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and PISA readingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. PISA reading by country | +0.47 | +0.16 | 0.120 | 86 | high |
| Basic sanitation and Political corruptionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Political corruption by country | -0.47 | +0.16 | 0.436 | 166 | high |
| Basic sanitation and Military spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Military spending by country | +0.17 | +0.16 | 0.069 | 154 | independent |
| Basic sanitation and Youth not in work or studyCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Youth not in work or study by country | -0.37 | +0.15 | 0.131 | 173 | high |
| Basic sanitation and Governance scoreCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Governance score by country | +0.33 | -0.15 | 0.560 | 169 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and Divorce rate (UN)Could easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Divorce rate (UN) by country | +0.13 | +0.14 | 0.686 | 94 | independent |
| Basic sanitation and Unemployment benefit spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Unemployment benefit spending by country | +0.14 | +0.14 | 0.509 | 39 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and Births outside marriageCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Births outside marriage by country | -0.15 | -0.14 | 0.270 | 42 | independent |
| Basic sanitation and Informal employmentLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.14) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Informal employment by country | -0.73 | -0.14 | 0.492 | 139 | proxy |
| Basic sanitation and Suicide rateAlmost no link either way. Suicide rate by country | +0.08 | -0.13 | 0.367 | 178 | independent |
| Basic sanitation and Expected schoolingLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.13) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Expected schooling by country | +0.67 | +0.13 | 0.304 | 186 | proxy |
| Basic sanitation and Government effectivenessLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.13) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Government effectiveness by country | +0.61 | -0.13 | 0.532 | 193 | proxy |
| Basic sanitation and Recycling rateAlmost no link either way. Recycling rate by country | +0.10 | +0.13 | 0.280 | 35 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and Population 65+Linked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.13) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Population 65+ by country | +0.63 | +0.13 | 0.345 | 197 | high |
| Basic sanitation and Out-of-pocket health spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Out-of-pocket health spending by country | -0.20 | +0.13 | 0.639 | 185 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and Participatory democracyCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Participatory democracy by country | +0.32 | -0.12 | 0.563 | 166 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and Migrant share of populationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Migrant share of population by country | +0.39 | -0.12 | 0.131 | 197 | high |
| Basic sanitation and UnemploymentAlmost no link either way. Unemployment by country | +0.00 | +0.12 | 0.640 | 176 | independent |
| Basic sanitation and Liberal democracyCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Liberal democracy by country | +0.37 | -0.12 | 0.594 | 166 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and Control of corruptionLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.12) could easily be chance. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Control of corruption by country | +0.51 | -0.12 | 0.656 | 193 | high |
| Basic sanitation and Government expenseCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Government expense by country | +0.29 | +0.11 | 0.572 | 150 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and Electoral democracyCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Electoral democracy by country | +0.32 | -0.11 | 0.566 | 166 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and Religiously unaffiliatedCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Religiously unaffiliated by country | +0.30 | -0.11 | 0.248 | 182 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and Armed conflict presentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Armed conflict present by country | -0.37 | -0.10 | 0.405 | 186 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and Male labor participationAlmost no link either way. Male labor participation by country | -0.06 | -0.10 | 0.354 | 176 | independent |
| Basic sanitation and Life satisfactionLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Life satisfaction by country | +0.69 | +0.10 | 0.723 | 158 | proxy |
| Basic sanitation and Pre-trial detainee shareCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Pre-trial detainee share by country | -0.29 | -0.10 | 0.468 | 170 | independent |
| Basic sanitation and GDP growthCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. GDP growth by country | -0.20 | -0.10 | 0.587 | 197 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and Retirement age, menCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Retirement age, men by country | -0.12 | +0.10 | 0.809 | 49 | independent |
| Basic sanitation and Single-parent householdsAlmost no link either way. Single-parent households by country | -0.07 | -0.09 | 0.611 | 149 | independent |
| Basic sanitation and Retirement age, womenAlmost no link either way. Retirement age, women by country | -0.01 | +0.09 | 0.704 | 49 | independent |
| Basic sanitation and Government spending per capitaCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Government spending per capita by country | +0.35 | +0.09 | 0.805 | 43 | proxy |
| Basic sanitation and Regime typeCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Regime type by country | +0.34 | -0.09 | 0.627 | 166 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and Interpersonal trustCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Interpersonal trust by country | +0.34 | -0.09 | 0.467 | 105 | high |
| Basic sanitation and Aid givenCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Aid given by country | +0.12 | +0.09 | 0.739 | 47 | high |
| Basic sanitation and Labour scoreLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Labour score by country | +0.61 | +0.09 | 0.463 | 184 | high |
| Basic sanitation and Corporate tax rateCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Corporate tax rate by country | -0.27 | +0.08 | 0.387 | 86 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and Hospital bedsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Hospital beds by country | +0.45 | +0.08 | 0.670 | 170 | high |
| Basic sanitation and Frequent prayerCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Frequent prayer by country | -0.48 | -0.08 | 0.707 | 77 | high |
| Basic sanitation and Civil liberties (FH)Could easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Civil liberties (FH) by country | -0.33 | +0.08 | 0.740 | 186 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and Marriage rateAlmost no link either way. Marriage rate by country | -0.09 | -0.08 | 0.370 | 46 | independent |
| Basic sanitation and Voice and accountabilityCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Voice and accountability by country | +0.41 | -0.07 | 0.787 | 193 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and Rule of lawLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Rule of law by country | +0.52 | -0.07 | 0.801 | 193 | high |
| Basic sanitation and Gender Development IndexLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Gender Development Index by country | +0.54 | +0.07 | 0.818 | 179 | high |
| Basic sanitation and Government consumptionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Government consumption by country | +0.13 | +0.07 | 0.783 | 176 | independent |
| Basic sanitation and Forest areaAlmost no link either way. Forest area by country | -0.02 | -0.06 | 0.766 | 195 | independent |
| Basic sanitation and Trade opennessCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Trade openness by country | +0.30 | -0.06 | 0.459 | 178 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and Agricultural landCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Agricultural land by country | -0.19 | +0.06 | 0.287 | 194 | independent |
| Basic sanitation and Women in a unionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Women in a union by country | -0.30 | +0.06 | 0.805 | 190 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and Family benefits spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Family benefits spending by country | +0.18 | +0.05 | 0.484 | 42 | independent |
| Basic sanitation and Divorce rateAlmost no link either way. Divorce rate by country | +0.03 | +0.05 | 0.789 | 45 | independent |
| Basic sanitation and Fixed broadbandLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Fixed broadband by country | +0.66 | +0.05 | 0.661 | 195 | proxy |
| Basic sanitation and InflationAlmost no link either way. Inflation by country | -0.08 | +0.04 | 0.697 | 187 | independent |
| Basic sanitation and Primary enrollmentAlmost no link either way. Primary enrollment by country | -0.04 | -0.04 | 0.771 | 191 | independent |
| Basic sanitation and Tax revenueCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Tax revenue by country | +0.27 | +0.03 | 0.795 | 150 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and Mobile subscriptionsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Mobile subscriptions by country | +0.36 | +0.03 | 0.686 | 196 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and CO2 per capitaCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. CO2 per capita by country | +0.34 | +0.03 | 0.781 | 190 | proxy |
| Basic sanitation and Women in managementCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Women in management by country | +0.25 | +0.03 | 0.867 | 147 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and Trust in governmentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Trust in government by country | +0.17 | +0.02 | 0.911 | 47 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and UrbanizationLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Urbanization by country | +0.50 | -0.02 | 0.930 | 197 | high |
| Basic sanitation and Women in parliamentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Women in parliament by country | +0.19 | -0.02 | 0.887 | 184 | independent |
| Basic sanitation and Political rights (FH)Could easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Political rights (FH) by country | -0.37 | -0.02 | 0.950 | 186 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and Confidence in religious institutionsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Confidence in religious institutions by country | -0.33 | +0.02 | 0.950 | 105 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and Political stabilityCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Political stability by country | +0.47 | +0.02 | 0.958 | 193 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and RedistributionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Redistribution by country | +0.37 | +0.01 | 0.972 | 45 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and FDI inflowsAlmost no link either way. FDI inflows by country | +0.03 | -0.01 | 0.901 | 193 | independent |
| Basic sanitation and Gender wage gapAlmost no link either way. Gender wage gap by country | +0.01 | +0.01 | 0.971 | 38 | independent |
| Basic sanitation and Free and fair electionsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Free and fair elections by country | +0.46 | -0.01 | 0.969 | 166 | high |
| Basic sanitation and Religion very importantCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Religion very important by country | -0.45 | -0.01 | 0.982 | 105 | high |
| Basic sanitation and Homicide rateAlmost no link either way. Homicide rate by country | -0.05 | -0.00 | 0.977 | 168 | moderate |
| Basic sanitation and Wellbeing scoreLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Wellbeing score by country | +0.52 | +0.00 | 0.985 | 105 | high |
| Basic sanitation and Premature NCD mortalityLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, almost nothing remains. Both mostly measure national income in another way, so only the adjusted figure is worth reading. Premature NCD mortality by country | -0.54 | +0.00 | 0.999 | 178 | high |
| Basic sanitation and GDP per capita (PPP)One side of this pair is national income itself, the thing the other figures adjust for. Adjusting income for income leaves nothing, so there is no adjusted figure. The unadjusted link shows how closely the other measure follows income. GDP per capita (PPP) by country | +0.54 | — | — | 197 | proxy |
| Basic sanitation and GNI per capita (PPP)One side of this pair is national income itself, the thing the other figures adjust for. Adjusting income for income leaves nothing, so there is no adjusted figure. The unadjusted link shows how closely the other measure follows income. GNI per capita (PPP) by country | +0.56 | — | — | 195 | proxy |
| Basic sanitation and GDP per capita (market)One side of this pair is national income itself, the thing the other figures adjust for. Adjusting income for income leaves nothing, so there is no adjusted figure. The unadjusted link shows how closely the other measure follows income. GDP per capita (market) by country | +0.45 | — | — | 197 | proxy |