placestats

Trust in government

Share with confidence in the national government

Link with national income+0.36partly income-linked
Links that hold up5of 156 pairs tested
Unit% of respondentshigher is better
SourceOECDCC BY 4.0 (OECD terms and conditions)
What this measures. Gallup asks whether people have confidence in their national government. The OECD pools three years of answers at a time, so the figures are for 2010, 2013, 2016, 2019, 2022 and 2024, not every year. The same survey supplies the Cantril ladder, but from a different question. The two are not built from each other, so their pair is a real finding, not shared numbers. It is, though, a finding about one survey.

How it has moved

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Every country, every year

One row per country and one column per year, sorted by the most recent value. Hover over any cell to see the figure. The country names link to each country’s page.

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Links that hold up

r is how closely two measures rise and fall together across countries, from −1 (opposite) to +1 (in step), where 0 means no link. These pairs are ranked by the link after adjusting for national income, which means comparing countries with the same GDP per person. Each pair passed three checks. The link held after that adjustment. It was unlikely to be chance (q of 0.05 or less), even allowing for countries in the same region being alike and for the many pairs tested. And the two are not just two measures of the same thing. Very small q values are written in short form: 8.0e-5 means 0.000080.

MeasureBefore adjustingAfter adjustingqCountriesTracks income?
Trust in government and PhysiciansWhere Trust in government is higher, Physicians tends to be lower: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Physicians by country-0.13-0.360.04747proxy
Trust in government and Wellbeing scoreWhere Trust in government is higher, Wellbeing score tends to be higher: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Wellbeing score by country+0.45+0.360.04345high
Trust in government and Military spendingWhere Trust in government is higher, Military spending tends to be lower: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Military spending by country-0.27-0.310.03045independent
Trust in government and Government spending per capitaWhere Trust in government is higher, Government spending per capita tends to be higher: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Government spending per capita by country+0.37+0.300.01443proxy
Trust in government and Education scoreWhere Trust in government is higher, Education score tends to be lower: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Education score by country-0.08-0.280.04647proxy

How much the other measures account for

The 71 most widely reported measures boil down to a few broad patterns. This table shows how much of the differences between countries on this measure those patterns account for, adding one pattern at a time. The patterns are rebuilt without this measure, and without anything built from the same numbers or measuring the same thing. So it never predicts itself under another name. The figures use the 46 countries reporting all of them, and 71 candidate measures.

This shows how much it moves with the others. It does not explain anything. Measures that move together end up on the same pattern whether or not anything connects them. And the countries here are the best-documented ones. A high figure means this measure is largely predictable from the others, not that they produce it.
Patterns usedShare of this measure accounted forAdded by this pattern
13%—
216%+13%
339%+24%
439%+0%
540%+1%
652%+12%

Every other pair

Everything else this measure was tested against, apart from the links that hold up and the pairs built from the same numbers. Sorted by the link after adjusting. Search by name; every column sorts. A small adjusted figure is a result too. It says the two do not move together once income is set aside.

151 of 151
Trust in government and Maternal mortalityCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Maternal mortality by country+0.18+0.620.07447proxy
Trust in government and Birth registrationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Birth registration by country-0.30-0.610.23446proxy
Trust in government and Self-reported happinessComparing only countries with similar income it is still +0.56, but that could easily be chance once we allow for countries in the same region being alike. Self-reported happiness by country+0.61+0.560.07245moderate
Trust in government and Tuberculosis incidenceCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Tuberculosis incidence by country+0.18+0.500.20347high
Trust in government and Child stuntingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Child stunting by country+0.26+0.470.10830proxy
Trust in government and Armed conflict presentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Armed conflict present by country+0.14+0.460.07947moderate
Trust in government and Informal employmentAlmost no link either way. Informal employment by country+0.02+0.460.25341proxy
Trust in government and Infant mortalityAlmost no link either way. Infant mortality by country+0.03+0.430.10247proxy
Trust in government and Hospital bedsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Hospital beds by country-0.32-0.420.07447high
Trust in government and Population growthCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Population growth by country+0.41+0.390.14547moderate
Trust in government and Population 65+Could easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Population 65+ by country-0.13-0.380.06847high
Trust in government and Migrant share of populationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Migrant share of population by country+0.45+0.370.11047high
Trust in government and Under-5 mortalityAlmost no link either way. Under-5 mortality by country+0.03+0.370.17647proxy
Trust in government and Fixed broadbandAlmost no link either way. Fixed broadband by country+0.01-0.350.15547proxy
Trust in government and Aid givenLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.35) could easily be chance. Aid given by country+0.61+0.350.22138high
Trust in government and Alcohol consumptionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Alcohol consumption by country-0.16-0.350.05247moderate
Trust in government and Median ageCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Median age by country-0.12-0.330.14847proxy
Trust in government and Confidence in religious institutionsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Confidence in religious institutions by country+0.12+0.330.28245moderate
Trust in government and Birth rateCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Birth rate by country+0.15+0.330.09647proxy
Trust in government and Food insecurityCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Food insecurity by country-0.42-0.330.52946proxy
Trust in government and Tertiary enrollmentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Tertiary enrollment by country-0.24-0.320.05147high
Trust in government and Religion very importantAlmost no link either way. Religion very important by country+0.03+0.320.48445high
Trust in government and HDICould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. HDI by country+0.13-0.320.17047proxy
Trust in government and Muslim shareCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Muslim share by country+0.24+0.310.47847independent
Trust in government and Population 0-14Could easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Population 0-14 by country+0.11+0.310.07747proxy
Trust in government and Single-parent householdsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Single-parent households by country-0.34-0.310.26739independent
Trust in government and Basic water accessCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Basic water access by country-0.12-0.300.32147proxy
Trust in government and Life satisfactionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Life satisfaction by country+0.40+0.300.14447proxy
Trust in government and Pre-trial detainee shareCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Pre-trial detainee share by country+0.31+0.290.51446independent
Trust in government and Trade opennessCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Trade openness by country+0.39+0.290.06247moderate
Trust in government and Interpersonal trustCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Interpersonal trust by country+0.40+0.290.10345high
Trust in government and Infrastructure scoreAlmost no link either way. Infrastructure score by country+0.08-0.290.21747proxy
Trust in government and Employment in agricultureAlmost no link either way. Employment in agriculture by country-0.00+0.290.49447proxy
Trust in government and Vulnerable employmentAlmost no link either way. Vulnerable employment by country-0.02+0.280.46347proxy
Trust in government and FDI inflowsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. FDI inflows by country-0.35-0.280.14947independent
Trust in government and Corruption Perceptions IndexCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Corruption Perceptions Index by country+0.39+0.280.15147high
Trust in government and Women ministersCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Women ministers by country+0.32+0.280.32347independent
Trust in government and One-person householdsAlmost no link either way. One-person households by country-0.07-0.280.13939high
Trust in government and Control of corruptionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Control of corruption by country+0.39+0.280.28547high
Trust in government and PISA readingAlmost no link either way. PISA reading by country+0.06-0.280.48446high
Trust in government and UndernourishmentAlmost no link either way. Undernourishment by country+0.02+0.280.47546proxy
Trust in government and Protected landCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Protected land by country-0.23-0.280.26647independent
Trust in government and Government effectivenessCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Government effectiveness by country+0.38+0.270.29047proxy
Trust in government and Inequality-adjusted HDICould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Inequality-adjusted HDI by country+0.13-0.270.27347proxy
Trust in government and Secondary enrollmentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Secondary enrollment by country+0.34+0.270.21247high
Trust in government and Regulatory qualityCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Regulatory quality by country+0.38+0.270.21147proxy
Trust in government and Male labor participationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Male labor participation by country+0.15+0.260.26847independent
Trust in government and Women in a unionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Women in a union by country+0.27+0.260.57947moderate
Trust in government and Out of school, primaryCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Out of school, primary by country-0.30-0.250.16847moderate
Trust in government and Women in parliamentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Women in parliament by country+0.27+0.250.28447independent
Trust in government and Health spendingAlmost no link either way. Health spending by country-0.09-0.240.47547independent
Trust in government and Environment scoreCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Environment score by country-0.25-0.240.31247moderate
Trust in government and Mean years of schoolingAlmost no link either way. Mean years of schooling by country+0.02-0.240.12747proxy
Trust in government and Religious attendanceAlmost no link either way. Religious attendance by country-0.01+0.230.39645high
Trust in government and Conflict deathsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Conflict deaths by country+0.11+0.230.65147moderate
Trust in government and Gender wage gapCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Gender wage gap by country-0.23-0.220.66738independent
Trust in government and Government consumptionAlmost no link either way. Government consumption by country-0.08-0.220.31047independent
Trust in government and RedistributionAlmost no link either way. Redistribution by country+0.06-0.220.45342moderate
Trust in government and Births outside marriageCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Births outside marriage by country+0.14+0.220.61940independent
Trust in government and PISA mathsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. PISA maths by country+0.12-0.210.39746high
Trust in government and Public order spendingLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.21) could easily be chance. Public order spending by country-0.54-0.210.46837high
Trust in government and Rule of lawCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Rule of law by country+0.34+0.200.30847high
Trust in government and Labour scoreAlmost no link either way. Labour score by country+0.07-0.200.68147high
Trust in government and PISA scienceAlmost no link either way. PISA science by country+0.10-0.200.51946high
Trust in government and Homicide rateAlmost no link either way. Homicide rate by country-0.03+0.200.73847moderate
Trust in government and Gender scoreCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Gender score by country+0.24+0.190.42347moderate
Trust in government and Recycling rateAlmost no link either way. Recycling rate by country+0.10-0.190.52135moderate
Trust in government and Adult obesityCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Adult obesity by country-0.26-0.190.31947moderate
Trust in government and Divorce rate (UN)Could easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Divorce rate (UN) by country+0.18+0.190.16339independent
Trust in government and Christian shareCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Christian share by country-0.20-0.180.37647independent
Trust in government and DTP3 immunisationAlmost no link either way. DTP3 immunisation by country+0.00-0.180.18947moderate
Trust in government and Out-of-pocket health spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Out-of-pocket health spending by country-0.27-0.180.43147moderate
Trust in government and HIV prevalenceAlmost no link either way. HIV prevalence by country+0.02+0.180.67437moderate
Trust in government and Voice and accountabilityCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Voice and accountability by country+0.32+0.170.44447moderate
Trust in government and Gender Inequality IndexCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Gender Inequality Index by country-0.17+0.170.44747proxy
Trust in government and Retirement age, womenCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Retirement age, women by country+0.12+0.160.28543independent
Trust in government and Government expenseAlmost no link either way. Government expense by country-0.07-0.150.52546moderate
Trust in government and Women in managementCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Women in management by country-0.18-0.150.42144moderate
Trust in government and Corporate tax rateAlmost no link either way. Corporate tax rate by country+0.09+0.150.67645moderate
Trust in government and Free and fair electionsAlmost no link either way. Free and fair elections by country+0.03-0.150.73447high
Trust in government and Premature NCD mortalityCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Premature NCD mortality by country-0.27-0.150.79047high
Trust in government and Hours workedCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Hours worked by country-0.40-0.140.46837high
Trust in government and Education spendingAlmost no link either way. Education spending by country-0.07-0.140.72647independent
Trust in government and Female labor participationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Female labor participation by country+0.22+0.140.65847independent
Trust in government and Marriage rateAlmost no link either way. Marriage rate by country-0.06-0.140.35142independent
Trust in government and Fertility rateAlmost no link either way. Fertility rate by country+0.02+0.140.52447proxy
Trust in government and Life expectancyCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Life expectancy by country+0.13-0.130.71347proxy
Trust in government and Extreme poverty rateAlmost no link either way. Extreme poverty rate by country-0.07+0.130.73246proxy
Trust in government and Civil society participationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Civil society participation by country+0.26+0.130.46347independent
Trust in government and Religiously unaffiliatedAlmost no link either way. Religiously unaffiliated by country+0.02-0.130.38747moderate
Trust in government and Youth not in work or studyCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Youth not in work or study by country-0.14+0.130.53046high
Trust in government and Anaemia in womenCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Anaemia in women by country-0.25-0.130.52547high
Trust in government and Tobacco useCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Tobacco use by country-0.13-0.120.72347independent
Trust in government and Freedom of expressionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Freedom of expression by country+0.22+0.120.62047moderate
Trust in government and Freedom of associationAlmost no link either way. Freedom of association by country+0.03-0.120.73347moderate
Trust in government and CO2 per capitaAlmost no link either way. CO2 per capita by country+0.05-0.110.47147proxy
Trust in government and Gender Development IndexAlmost no link either way. Gender Development Index by country-0.06-0.110.38547high
Trust in government and Civil liberties (FH)Almost no link either way. Civil liberties (FH) by country-0.08+0.110.63747moderate
Trust in government and UnemploymentAlmost no link either way. Unemployment by country+0.01+0.110.78847independent
Trust in government and Retirement age, menAlmost no link either way. Retirement age, men by country+0.03+0.100.44843independent
Trust in government and Compulsory schoolingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Compulsory schooling by country-0.12-0.090.70047moderate
Trust in government and InflationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Inflation by country-0.13-0.090.59047independent
Trust in government and Suicide rateAlmost no link either way. Suicide rate by country-0.01-0.090.78047independent
Trust in government and Women's political empowermentAlmost no link either way. Women's political empowerment by country+0.08-0.090.60047moderate
Trust in government and Participatory democracyCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Participatory democracy by country+0.23+0.080.82547moderate
Trust in government and Slum share of urban populationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Slum share of urban population by country-0.13+0.080.87446high
Trust in government and Active labour market spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Active labour market spending by country+0.34+0.080.69942moderate
Trust in government and Road traffic deathsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Road traffic deaths by country-0.16+0.080.70947high
Trust in government and Market-income GiniCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Market-income Gini by country-0.14+0.070.83142moderate
Trust in government and Primary completionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Primary completion by country+0.10-0.070.83146proxy
Trust in government and Expected schoolingAlmost no link either way. Expected schooling by country+0.07-0.070.41247proxy
Trust in government and Public social spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Public social spending by country+0.23-0.070.72142moderate
Trust in government and Internet usersCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Internet users by country+0.19-0.070.78147proxy
Trust in government and Health scoreCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Health score by country+0.21+0.070.67947moderate
Trust in government and Age at childbearingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Age at childbearing by country+0.26+0.070.82247moderate
Trust in government and Women's age at first marriageCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Women's age at first marriage by country+0.31+0.060.75139moderate
Trust in government and Unemployment benefit spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Unemployment benefit spending by country+0.23+0.060.83139moderate
Trust in government and Marriage rate (UN)Almost no link either way. Marriage rate (UN) by country+0.07-0.060.79742independent
Trust in government and Tax revenueCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Tax revenue by country+0.18+0.060.86045moderate
Trust in government and GDP growthAlmost no link either way. GDP growth by country+0.05+0.060.81547moderate
Trust in government and Primary enrollmentAlmost no link either way. Primary enrollment by country-0.01+0.060.87847independent
Trust in government and Liberal democracyCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Liberal democracy by country+0.20+0.050.89047moderate
Trust in government and Political civil libertiesAlmost no link either way. Political civil liberties by country+0.08-0.050.85947moderate
Trust in government and Family benefits spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Family benefits spending by country+0.24+0.050.88242independent
Trust in government and Political rights (FH)Could easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Political rights (FH) by country-0.11+0.050.79647moderate
Trust in government and ResearchersCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Researchers by country+0.19+0.050.80645proxy
Trust in government and Forest areaAlmost no link either way. Forest area by country-0.02+0.050.88047independent
Trust in government and Electricity accessCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Electricity access by country+0.11-0.040.93647high
Trust in government and Frequent prayerAlmost no link either way. Frequent prayer by country+0.07-0.040.89628high
Trust in government and Regime typeCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Regime type by country+0.14-0.040.91947moderate
Trust in government and Governance scoreCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Governance score by country+0.14-0.040.89847moderate
Trust in government and Political stabilityCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Political stability by country+0.21+0.040.83247moderate
Trust in government and Political corruptionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Political corruption by country-0.20+0.030.92847high
Trust in government and Old-age spendingAlmost no link either way. Old-age spending by country+0.09-0.030.80342independent
Trust in government and Refugees originatingAlmost no link either way. Refugees originating by country-0.07-0.030.82047moderate
Trust in government and Health coverage indexCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Health coverage index by country+0.20+0.030.94847proxy
Trust in government and Basic sanitationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Basic sanitation by country+0.17+0.020.91147high
Trust in government and Children with one parentAlmost no link either way. Children with one parent by country+0.08+0.020.96136independent
Trust in government and Skilled birth attendanceAlmost no link either way. Skilled birth attendance by country+0.00-0.020.96240high
Trust in government and Electoral democracyCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Electoral democracy by country+0.17+0.020.96547moderate
Trust in government and Adolescent fertilityCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Adolescent fertility by country-0.23-0.020.94447proxy
Trust in government and Equality scoreCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Equality score by country+0.18-0.020.97746high
Trust in government and Mobile subscriptionsAlmost no link either way. Mobile subscriptions by country-0.05+0.010.97747moderate
Trust in government and Agricultural landAlmost no link either way. Agricultural land by country-0.02-0.010.96947independent
Trust in government and Gini indexCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Gini index by country-0.18-0.010.98746moderate
Trust in government and UrbanizationAlmost no link either way. Urbanization by country+0.07+0.010.98747high
Trust in government and Pupil-teacher ratioCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Pupil-teacher ratio by country-0.17+0.010.98444proxy
Trust in government and Divorce rateAlmost no link either way. Divorce rate by country-0.04+0.000.98741independent
Trust in government and GDP per capita (PPP)One side of this pair is national income itself, the thing the other figures adjust for. Adjusting income for income leaves nothing, so there is no adjusted figure. The unadjusted link shows how closely the other measure follows income. GDP per capita (PPP) by country+0.42——47proxy
Trust in government and GNI per capita (PPP)One side of this pair is national income itself, the thing the other figures adjust for. Adjusting income for income leaves nothing, so there is no adjusted figure. The unadjusted link shows how closely the other measure follows income. GNI per capita (PPP) by country+0.36——47proxy
Trust in government and GDP per capita (market)One side of this pair is national income itself, the thing the other figures adjust for. Adjusting income for income leaves nothing, so there is no adjusted figure. The unadjusted link shows how closely the other measure follows income. GDP per capita (market) by country+0.49——47proxy

Source

Gallup World Poll, compiled in OECD How's Life? · via Our World in Data

CC BY 4.0 (OECD terms and conditions) · licence terms · updated annual, except the snapshots noted per indicator

OECD databases as named on each indicator: PISA, Social Expenditure Database (SOCX), Income Distribution Database, Development Assistance Committee statistics, Family Database, Government at a Glance, Corporate Tax Statistics, employment and environment statistics