placestats

Civil society participation

Civil society participation index

Link with national income+0.29largely independent of national income
Links that hold up8of 158 pairs tested
Unitindex (0-1)higher is better
SourceVDEMCC BY 4.0
What this measures. How far governments consult civic groups, and how widely people take part in them. A part of the participatory democracy index.

How it has moved

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Every country, every year

One row per country and one column per year, sorted by the most recent value. Hover over any cell to see the figure. The country names link to each country’s page.

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Links that hold up

r is how closely two measures rise and fall together across countries, from −1 (opposite) to +1 (in step), where 0 means no link. These pairs are ranked by the link after adjusting for national income, which means comparing countries with the same GDP per person. Each pair passed three checks. The link held after that adjustment. It was unlikely to be chance (q of 0.05 or less), even allowing for countries in the same region being alike and for the many pairs tested. And the two are not just two measures of the same thing. Very small q values are written in short form: 8.0e-5 means 0.000080.

MeasureBefore adjustingAfter adjustingqCountriesTracks income?
Civil society participation and Women's political empowermentWhere Civil society participation is higher, Women's political empowerment tends to be higher: a strong link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Women's political empowerment by country+0.73+0.730.022168moderate
Civil society participation and Rule of lawWhere Civil society participation is higher, Rule of law tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Rule of law by country+0.54+0.610.026168high
Civil society participation and Marriage rateWhere Civil society participation is higher, Marriage rate tends to be lower: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Marriage rate by country-0.51-0.580.00746independent
Civil society participation and Political corruptionWhere Civil society participation is higher, Political corruption tends to be lower: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Political corruption by country-0.53-0.540.031168high
Civil society participation and Gender scoreWhere Civil society participation is higher, Gender score tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Gender score by country+0.50+0.470.043167moderate
Civil society participation and Political stabilityWhere Civil society participation is higher, Political stability tends to be higher: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Political stability by country+0.33+0.270.033168moderate
Civil society participation and Divorce rate (UN)Where Civil society participation is higher, Divorce rate (UN) tends to be lower: a weak link that holds when only countries with similar income are compared. Divorce rate (UN) by country-0.20-0.210.04078independent
Civil society participation and Equality scoreComparing only countries with similar income, Equality score tends to be lower where Civil society participation is higher: the opposite of the unadjusted figure, which only showed the income gap between countries. Equality score by country+0.05-0.190.027152high

Links that don’t count as findings

These go together strongly, but they are built from the same numbers or measure the same thing. So they are bound to match, or their match shows that the measures agree, not something about the world.

MeasureBefore adjustingAfter adjustingqCountriesTracks income?
Civil society participation and Freedom of expressionTwo ways of measuring the same thing, so their agreement tells you about measurement, not about the world. Freedom of expression by country+0.88+0.870.001168moderate
Civil society participation and Political civil libertiesTwo ways of measuring the same thing, so their agreement tells you about measurement, not about the world. Political civil liberties by country+0.88+0.870.002168moderate
Civil society participation and Governance scoreNot an independent finding: one of these indices is built partly from the other, so their agreement is just arithmetic. Governance score by country+0.84+0.870.000168moderate
Civil society participation and Freedom of associationTwo ways of measuring the same thing, so their agreement tells you about measurement, not about the world. Freedom of association by country+0.86+0.850.001168moderate
Civil society participation and Voice and accountabilityTwo ways of measuring the same thing, so their agreement tells you about measurement, not about the world. Voice and accountability by country+0.77+0.830.002168moderate
Civil society participation and Participatory democracyNot an independent finding: one of these indices is built partly from the other, so their agreement is just arithmetic. Participatory democracy by country+0.80+0.820.001168moderate
Civil society participation and Liberal democracyTwo ways of measuring the same thing, so their agreement tells you about measurement, not about the world. Liberal democracy by country+0.79+0.820.001168moderate
Civil society participation and Electoral democracyTwo ways of measuring the same thing, so their agreement tells you about measurement, not about the world. Electoral democracy by country+0.80+0.810.002168moderate
Civil society participation and Civil liberties (FH)Two ways of measuring the same thing, so their agreement tells you about measurement, not about the world. Civil liberties (FH) by country-0.78-0.810.002168moderate
Civil society participation and Political rights (FH)Two ways of measuring the same thing, so their agreement tells you about measurement, not about the world. Political rights (FH) by country-0.77-0.790.006168moderate

How much the other measures account for

The 71 most widely reported measures boil down to a few broad patterns. This table shows how much of the differences between countries on this measure those patterns account for, adding one pattern at a time. The patterns are rebuilt without this measure, and without anything built from the same numbers or measuring the same thing. So it never predicts itself under another name. The figures use the 128 countries reporting all of them, and 68 candidate measures.

This shows how much it moves with the others. It does not explain anything. Measures that move together end up on the same pattern whether or not anything connects them. And the countries here are the best-documented ones. A high figure means this measure is largely predictable from the others, not that they produce it.
Patterns usedShare of this measure accounted forAdded by this pattern
17%—
240%+33%
340%+0%
443%+3%
544%+0%
644%+0%

How it differs by category

This compares the measure across groups of countries, such as those sharing a main religion, instead of against another number. The figure is the share of the differences between countries on this measure that lies between the groups, on a scale from 0 to 1. It is shown before and after adjusting for national income.

The “between groups” figure runs from 0 (the groups are no different) to 1 (the groups explain all the differences between countries). Groups have no up or down, so this says how much the groups differ, never which way. For that, read the group averages. The figure also tends to rise when there are more groups. So to judge whether it could be chance (q), we shuffle the same labels among the same countries many times and see how often a figure this big turns up. Then we allow for the fact that many measures are checked at once, since with enough checks a few big figures turn up by luck alone. Groups with fewer than 12 countries are left out. And countries that share a label share a lot else. Adjusting for income rules out one third factor, but leaves language, region, legal tradition and history untouched.

Grouped byBetween groupsAfter incomeqGroups at each end
Last European coloniser0.400.400.006best: United Kingdom 0.689 · worst: Never a European colony 0.437
index (0-1)
Largest religious group0.430.400.003best: Christians 0.721 · worst: Muslims 0.505
index (0-1)

Every other pair

Everything else this measure was tested against, apart from the links that hold up and the pairs built from the same numbers. Sorted by the link after adjusting. Search by name; every column sorts. A small adjusted figure is a result too. It says the two do not move together once income is set aside.

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Civil society participation and Corruption Perceptions IndexCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Corruption Perceptions Index by country+0.50+0.510.064168high
Civil society participation and Control of corruptionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Control of corruption by country+0.47+0.490.066168high
Civil society participation and Regulatory qualityCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Regulatory quality by country+0.44+0.470.092168proxy
Civil society participation and Corporate tax rateCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Corporate tax rate by country+0.37+0.460.14577moderate
Civil society participation and Births outside marriageCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Births outside marriage by country+0.28+0.430.09842independent
Civil society participation and Government effectivenessCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Government effectiveness by country+0.39+0.410.071168proxy
Civil society participation and Women ministersCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Women ministers by country+0.43+0.410.137166independent
Civil society participation and Women's age at first marriageLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.40) could easily be chance. Women's age at first marriage by country+0.57+0.400.24940moderate
Civil society participation and One-person householdsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. One-person households by country+0.43+0.380.056135high
Civil society participation and Muslim shareCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Muslim share by country-0.39-0.360.270168independent
Civil society participation and Tax revenueCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Tax revenue by country+0.41+0.350.078136moderate
Civil society participation and CO2 per capitaCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. CO2 per capita by country-0.15-0.340.401165proxy
Civil society participation and Christian shareCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Christian share by country+0.33+0.330.254168independent
Civil society participation and Out-of-pocket health spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Out-of-pocket health spending by country-0.37-0.320.088166moderate
Civil society participation and Children with one parentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Children with one parent by country+0.31+0.320.06938independent
Civil society participation and Population 65+Could easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Population 65+ by country+0.36+0.320.278168high
Civil society participation and Environment scoreCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Environment score by country+0.20+0.310.112167moderate
Civil society participation and ResearchersCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Researchers by country+0.33+0.300.262127proxy
Civil society participation and Alcohol consumptionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Alcohol consumption by country+0.35+0.290.265166moderate
Civil society participation and Recycling rateLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.29) could easily be chance. Recycling rate by country+0.51+0.290.54135moderate
Civil society participation and Retirement age, womenCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Retirement age, women by country+0.20+0.280.37149independent
Civil society participation and Government spending per capitaLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (+0.28) could easily be chance. Government spending per capita by country+0.57+0.280.08243proxy
Civil society participation and Female labor participationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Female labor participation by country+0.27+0.270.221166independent
Civil society participation and Forest areaCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Forest area by country+0.27+0.270.205166independent
Civil society participation and Single-parent householdsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Single-parent households by country+0.24+0.260.371135independent
Civil society participation and Health spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Health spending by country+0.31+0.260.083166independent
Civil society participation and Extreme poverty rateAlmost no link either way. Extreme poverty rate by country-0.06+0.260.107152proxy
Civil society participation and PISA readingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. PISA reading by country+0.38+0.250.56984high
Civil society participation and Marriage rate (UN)Could easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Marriage rate (UN) by country-0.33-0.250.29286independent
Civil society participation and Government expenseCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Government expense by country+0.35+0.250.114136moderate
Civil society participation and Suicide rateCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Suicide rate by country+0.29+0.250.188166independent
Civil society participation and Religious attendanceAlmost no link either way. Religious attendance by country-0.07+0.250.101101high
Civil society participation and Market-income GiniAlmost no link either way. Market-income Gini by country-0.04+0.240.25845moderate
Civil society participation and Basic sanitationAlmost no link either way. Basic sanitation by country+0.02-0.240.187166high
Civil society participation and Active labour market spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Active labour market spending by country+0.44+0.230.18242moderate
Civil society participation and Family benefits spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Family benefits spending by country+0.37+0.230.36642independent
Civil society participation and Divorce rateCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Divorce rate by country-0.25-0.220.46845independent
Civil society participation and Protected landCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Protected land by country+0.25+0.220.131167independent
Civil society participation and Pre-trial detainee shareCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Pre-trial detainee share by country+0.15+0.220.193150independent
Civil society participation and Gender Development IndexCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Gender Development Index by country+0.29+0.220.361164high
Civil society participation and PISA scienceCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. PISA science by country+0.36+0.220.62784high
Civil society participation and Public social spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Public social spending by country+0.42+0.220.53042moderate
Civil society participation and Women in a unionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Women in a union by country-0.27-0.210.331167moderate
Civil society participation and Hours workedLinked across countries, but mostly as richer countries differ from poorer ones: comparing only countries with similar income, what remains (-0.21) could easily be chance. Hours worked by country-0.50-0.210.14138high
Civil society participation and Fixed broadbandCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Fixed broadband by country+0.28+0.200.132167proxy
Civil society participation and Expected schoolingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Expected schooling by country+0.28+0.200.253167proxy
Civil society participation and Anaemia in womenCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Anaemia in women by country-0.28-0.190.194165high
Civil society participation and Refugees originatingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Refugees originating by country-0.23-0.190.182166moderate
Civil society participation and Life satisfactionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Life satisfaction by country+0.29+0.190.218157proxy
Civil society participation and Frequent prayerAlmost no link either way. Frequent prayer by country-0.06+0.180.32674high
Civil society participation and Migrant share of populationAlmost no link either way. Migrant share of population by country-0.03-0.180.633167high
Civil society participation and Adult obesityAlmost no link either way. Adult obesity by country-0.06-0.180.515166moderate
Civil society participation and Electricity accessAlmost no link either way. Electricity access by country+0.05-0.170.294167high
Civil society participation and Unemployment benefit spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Unemployment benefit spending by country+0.29+0.160.50439moderate
Civil society participation and Population growthCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Population growth by country-0.24-0.160.638168moderate
Civil society participation and Religiously unaffiliatedCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Religiously unaffiliated by country+0.23+0.160.626168moderate
Civil society participation and Military spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Military spending by country-0.14-0.160.088154independent
Civil society participation and Confidence in religious institutionsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Confidence in religious institutions by country-0.29-0.160.543103moderate
Civil society participation and Education spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Education spending by country+0.19+0.160.378159independent
Civil society participation and Health scoreCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Health score by country+0.20+0.160.476166moderate
Civil society participation and Age at childbearingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Age at childbearing by country+0.23+0.160.673168moderate
Civil society participation and Primary completionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Primary completion by country+0.14-0.160.525153proxy
Civil society participation and Youth not in work or studyCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Youth not in work or study by country-0.25-0.150.467156high
Civil society participation and Median ageCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Median age by country+0.24+0.150.422168proxy
Civil society participation and Government consumptionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Government consumption by country+0.18+0.140.494159independent
Civil society participation and Armed conflict presentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Armed conflict present by country-0.21-0.140.302167moderate
Civil society participation and Premature NCD mortalityCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Premature NCD mortality by country-0.24-0.140.406166high
Civil society participation and Trust in governmentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Trust in government by country+0.26+0.130.46347moderate
Civil society participation and Old-age spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Old-age spending by country+0.21+0.130.61742independent
Civil society participation and UndernourishmentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Undernourishment by country-0.10+0.130.437157proxy
Civil society participation and Pupil-teacher ratioCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Pupil-teacher ratio by country-0.21-0.130.501155proxy
Civil society participation and PISA mathsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. PISA maths by country+0.31+0.130.80484high
Civil society participation and Women in managementCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Women in management by country+0.19+0.130.533136moderate
Civil society participation and Vulnerable employmentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Vulnerable employment by country-0.11+0.120.389166proxy
Civil society participation and Secondary enrollmentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Secondary enrollment by country+0.23+0.120.429160high
Civil society participation and Maternal mortalityAlmost no link either way. Maternal mortality by country-0.07+0.120.437166proxy
Civil society participation and Food insecurityCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Food insecurity by country-0.19+0.120.611141proxy
Civil society participation and HDICould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. HDI by country+0.22+0.110.474167proxy
Civil society participation and Homicide rateAlmost no link either way. Homicide rate by country+0.08+0.110.364144moderate
Civil society participation and Women in parliamentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Women in parliament by country+0.16+0.110.608166independent
Civil society participation and Compulsory schoolingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Compulsory schooling by country+0.19+0.110.455157moderate
Civil society participation and Married by 18Almost no link either way. Married by 18 by country+0.07+0.110.375127moderate
Civil society participation and HIV prevalenceAlmost no link either way. HIV prevalence by country+0.05+0.110.184140moderate
Civil society participation and RedistributionCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Redistribution by country+0.38+0.110.51445moderate
Civil society participation and Male labor participationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Male labor participation by country-0.11-0.110.540166independent
Civil society participation and PhysiciansCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Physicians by country+0.23+0.100.594166proxy
Civil society participation and Religion very importantCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Religion very important by country-0.27-0.100.750103high
Civil society participation and Interpersonal trustCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Interpersonal trust by country+0.26+0.100.676103high
Civil society participation and DTP3 immunisationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. DTP3 immunisation by country+0.19+0.100.731166moderate
Civil society participation and Self-reported happinessAlmost no link either way. Self-reported happiness by country+0.02-0.090.626103moderate
Civil society participation and Informal employmentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Informal employment by country-0.37-0.090.555127proxy
Civil society participation and Adolescent fertilityCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Adolescent fertility by country-0.10+0.080.314168proxy
Civil society participation and Employment in agricultureCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Employment in agriculture by country-0.21-0.080.556166proxy
Civil society participation and Gender Inequality IndexCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Gender Inequality Index by country-0.21-0.080.708161proxy
Civil society participation and Wellbeing scoreCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Wellbeing score by country+0.28+0.080.592103high
Civil society participation and Retirement age, menCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Retirement age, men by country-0.20-0.080.68649independent
Civil society participation and Gender wage gapAlmost no link either way. Gender wage gap by country+0.01+0.070.83538independent
Civil society participation and Under-5 mortalityCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Under-5 mortality by country-0.13+0.070.407167proxy
Civil society participation and Gini indexAlmost no link either way. Gini index by country-0.02+0.070.373152moderate
Civil society participation and Internet usersCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Internet users by country+0.15-0.070.525168proxy
Civil society participation and Population 0-14Could easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Population 0-14 by country-0.20-0.060.636168proxy
Civil society participation and InflationAlmost no link either way. Inflation by country-0.08-0.060.367166independent
Civil society participation and Birth registrationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Birth registration by country+0.11-0.060.694153proxy
Civil society participation and Labour scoreCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Labour score by country+0.11-0.050.626167high
Civil society participation and Education scoreCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Education score by country+0.19+0.050.812165proxy
Civil society participation and Infant mortalityCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Infant mortality by country-0.15+0.050.685167proxy
Civil society participation and Out of school, primaryCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Out of school, primary by country-0.13-0.050.865159moderate
Civil society participation and Life expectancyCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Life expectancy by country+0.19+0.040.740168proxy
Civil society participation and Infrastructure scoreCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Infrastructure score by country+0.20+0.040.763167proxy
Civil society participation and Mean years of schoolingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Mean years of schooling by country+0.19+0.040.881167proxy
Civil society participation and Tertiary enrollmentCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Tertiary enrollment by country+0.20+0.040.760155high
Civil society participation and Conflict deathsAlmost no link either way. Conflict deaths by country-0.06-0.040.816167moderate
Civil society participation and Health coverage indexCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Health coverage index by country+0.17-0.040.817166proxy
Civil society participation and Fertility rateCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Fertility rate by country-0.18-0.040.842168proxy
Civil society participation and Aid givenCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Aid given by country+0.26+0.030.78847high
Civil society participation and Hospital bedsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Hospital beds by country+0.10-0.030.931155high
Civil society participation and Agricultural landAlmost no link either way. Agricultural land by country-0.02+0.030.830167independent
Civil society participation and GDP growthAlmost no link either way. GDP growth by country-0.06-0.030.866168moderate
Civil society participation and Primary enrollmentAlmost no link either way. Primary enrollment by country+0.02+0.030.790164independent
Civil society participation and Trade opennessAlmost no link either way. Trade openness by country+0.06-0.030.913158moderate
Civil society participation and Tobacco useAlmost no link either way. Tobacco use by country+0.01-0.030.888151independent
Civil society participation and Public order spendingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Public order spending by country-0.32+0.020.94537high
Civil society participation and Birth rateCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Birth rate by country-0.18-0.020.891168proxy
Civil society participation and Child stuntingCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Child stunting by country-0.11-0.020.946145proxy
Civil society participation and Road traffic deathsCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Road traffic deaths by country-0.16-0.010.882166high
Civil society participation and Basic water accessCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Basic water access by country+0.16+0.010.978166proxy
Civil society participation and Adult literacyAlmost no link either way. Adult literacy by country-0.04-0.010.968120high
Civil society participation and Slum share of urban populationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Slum share of urban population by country-0.15+0.010.975164high
Civil society participation and UrbanizationCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Urbanization by country+0.13-0.010.959168high
Civil society participation and UnemploymentAlmost no link either way. Unemployment by country-0.02-0.010.964166independent
Civil society participation and Inequality-adjusted HDICould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Inequality-adjusted HDI by country+0.26+0.000.984155proxy
Civil society participation and Mobile subscriptionsAlmost no link either way. Mobile subscriptions by country+0.09+0.000.988168moderate
Civil society participation and FDI inflowsAlmost no link either way. FDI inflows by country+0.01+0.000.988168independent
Civil society participation and Tuberculosis incidenceCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Tuberculosis incidence by country-0.11-0.000.989167high
Civil society participation and Skilled birth attendanceCould easily be chance once only countries with similar income are compared. Skilled birth attendance by country+0.11-0.000.999158high
Civil society participation and GDP per capita (PPP)One side of this pair is national income itself, the thing the other figures adjust for. Adjusting income for income leaves nothing, so there is no adjusted figure. The unadjusted link shows how closely the other measure follows income. GDP per capita (PPP) by country+0.22——168proxy
Civil society participation and GNI per capita (PPP)One side of this pair is national income itself, the thing the other figures adjust for. Adjusting income for income leaves nothing, so there is no adjusted figure. The unadjusted link shows how closely the other measure follows income. GNI per capita (PPP) by country+0.20——168proxy
Civil society participation and GDP per capita (market)One side of this pair is national income itself, the thing the other figures adjust for. Adjusting income for income leaves nothing, so there is no adjusted figure. The unadjusted link shows how closely the other measure follows income. GDP per capita (market) by country+0.33——168proxy

Source

V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · via Our World in Data

CC BY 4.0 · licence terms · updated annual

Coppedge, M. et al., V-Dem Dataset, Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Project