North Dakota
Population779,361
Counties53county-level areas on the 2024 Census map
Density4.4people per km² of land
Median household income$75,94956th percentile of states
How it has changed
The state’s own figures from 2010 to 2024. A measure published for only one year shows as a single point instead of a line.
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The state figure, and the range across its counties
The state figure is the one its own agency publishes. It is never an average of the counties. You cannot average medians (middle values) to get a new median, and a rate has to be worked out again from the added-up counts. The county range next to it shows what a single state number has to hide.
Sometimes fewer counties report than the state has. The missing ones were held back because their counts were too small to publish — mostly deaths. A range from only part of the state is not the state’s full range. It can even sit entirely above or below the state figure. So the number of counties reporting is shown next to it.
You can sort by any column. 47 of these 185 measures have a clear better end, and those are ranked best first. For example, the lowest infant death rate is first place, and so is the highest life expectancy. The rest have no better end, so they are ranked highest first, and the cell says “highest” instead of “best”. A state is not winning or losing by how much of its tax comes from severance taxes (taxes on oil, gas and minerals taken from the ground).
| Alcohol-involved share of driving deaths | 0.371% | 48th best of 51 | 0% | 0.472% | 1% | 36 |
| Always wears a seatbelt | 90 | 42nd best of 49 | — | — | — | — |
| Arrivals per 100 people staying | 3.86 | 11th highest of 51 | 1.92 | 4.05 | 12.9 | 47 |
| Arrivals per 100 staying, $200,000 or more | 1.32 | 48th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Arthritis | 26.4 | 27th best of 46 | — | — | — | — |
| Binge drinking | 22.6 | 47th best of 49 | — | — | — | — |
| Births per 1,000 women aged 15 to 50 | 63.5 | 2nd highest of 52 | 40.5 | 71.7 | 137 | 24 |
| Black Protestant adherents | 0.05 | 49th highest of 51 | 0 | 0 | 3.52 | 53 |
| Black-white residential segregation | 56.6 | 39th highest of 51 | 44.1 | 53.4 | 76.4 | 13 |
| Business closing rate | 7.99 | 51st highest of 51 | 0 | 7.8 | 18 | 53 |
| Business opening rate | 9.25 | 36th highest of 51 | 0 | 8.53 | 19.9 | 53 |
| Catholic adherents | 21.2 | 13th highest of 51 | 3.39 | 17.9 | 81.6 | 53 |
| Checkup in the past year | 74.5 | 34th highest of 49 | — | — | — | — |
| Child mortality | 53.4 | 26th best of 51 | 36.2 | 51.1 | 157 | 10 |
| Child poverty rate, ages 0-17 | 10.1% | 3rd best of 51 | 7.1% | 11.6% | 39.3% | 53 |
| Children in single-parent households | 0.181% | 49th highest of 51 | 0.0843% | 0.178% | 0.597% | 33 |
| Congregations per 10,000 people | 18.6 | 7th highest of 51 | 7.91 | 41 | 103 | 53 |
| Current asthma | 10.2 | 23rd best of 47 | — | — | — | — |
| Current smoking | 14.8 | 31st best of 49 | — | — | — | — |
| Departures per 100 people staying | 3.97 | 7th highest of 51 | 2.21 | 4.59 | 10.6 | 52 |
| Departures per 100 staying, $200,000 or more | 1.78 | 50th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Depression | 22.8 | 24th best of 49 | — | — | — | — |
| Diabetes | 11.9 | 10th best of 45 | — | — | — | — |
| Difficulty concentrating or deciding | 11.9 | 9th best of 49 | — | — | — | — |
| Difficulty running errands alone | 5.87 | 6th best of 46 | — | — | — | — |
| Difficulty walking or climbing stairs | 12.6 | 7th best of 47 | — | — | — | — |
| Disability-free score | 0.628 | 5th highest of 47 | -3.8 | 0.651 | 1.24 | 53 |
| Drug overdose deaths | 16.6 | 5th best of 51 | 14.2 | 17.4 | 39.6 | 9 |
| Effective general sales tax rate | 2.86 | 15th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Effective individual income tax rate | 0.878 | 42nd highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Effective property tax rate | 0.992 | 22nd highest of 52 | 0.369 | 0.932 | 1.28 | 51 |
| Effective property tax rate on income | 2.24 | 36th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Evangelical Protestant adherents | 10.8 | 36th highest of 51 | 0 | 9.28 | 33.9 | 53 |
| Fair or poor health | 14.7 | 5th best of 49 | — | — | — | — |
| Fine particulate matter | 5.5 | 8th best of 51 | 3.5 | 5.5 | 6.9 | 53 |
| Firearm fatalities | 13.9 | 23rd best of 51 | 10.1 | 13.7 | 25.1 | 9 |
| Firearm share of suicides, standardised | 109 | 23rd highest of 51 | 88.3 | 122 | 166 | 14 |
| Firearm suicide rate | 11.3 | 16th highest of 51 | 7.84 | 12.8 | 39.5 | 14 |
| Flu vaccination among Medicare enrollees | 0.49% | 23rd best of 51 | 0.09% | 0.4% | 0.61% | 53 |
| Gini index of income inequality | 0.455 | 14th best of 52 | 0.363 | 0.454 | 0.541 | 53 |
| Has health insurance | 95 | 6th highest of 49 | — | — | — | — |
| Health score | 0.194 | 21st highest of 49 | -2.09 | 0.344 | 0.992 | 53 |
| High blood pressure | 33.2 | 24th best of 49 | — | — | — | — |
| High cholesterol | 33.2 | 17th best of 49 | — | — | — | — |
| High school graduation | 0.838% | 34th best of 48 | 0.782% | 0.844% | 0.921% | 15 |
| Homeownership rate | 63.4% | 43rd highest of 52 | 46% | 76.9% | 93.4% | 53 |
| Homicide rate | 2.89 | 10th best of 51 | 2.97 | 3.42 | 3.54 | 3 |
| Homicide rate, annual | 3.06 | 45th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| How much faster the top bracket arrives than everyone else | -0.352 | 41st highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Income gap between arrivals and departures | $-10,131 | 44th highest of 51 | $-61,610 | $-340 | $44,670 | 47 |
| Infant mortality | 5.26 | 16th best of 51 | 4.02 | 4.88 | 13 | 6 |
| Injury deaths | 78.4 | 14th best of 51 | 49.4 | 93.8 | 208 | 36 |
| Life expectancy | 77.8 years | 18th best of 51 | 59.6 years | 78 years | 92.2 years | 50 |
| Mainline Protestant adherents | 21 | 1st highest of 51 | 6.34 | 27.4 | 69.5 | 53 |
| Material security score | 0.928 | 6th highest of 51 | -3.24 | 0.746 | 1.37 | 53 |
| Mean adjusted gross income per return | $98,168 | 15th best of 51 | $46,470 | $87,760 | $166,800 | 51 |
| Mean income of arriving households | $54,547 | 51st highest of 51 | $21,790 | $59,640 | $88,570 | 47 |
| Mean income of departing households | $64,678 | 43rd highest of 51 | $35,000 | $58,250 | $124,400 | 52 |
| Mean travel time to work | 18 min | 2nd best of 52 | 10.3 min | 18.7 min | 34 min | 53 |
| Median age | 35.7 years | 48th highest of 52 | 28.7 years | 43.4 years | 54.2 years | 53 |
| Median gross rent | $934 | 46th highest of 52 | $373 | $756 | $1,153 | 53 |
| Median home value | $241,100 | 33rd highest of 52 | $80,300 | $149,600 | $357,300 | 53 |
| Median household income | $75,949 | 24th best of 52 | $41,680 | $70,830 | $96,340 | 53 |
| Median household income (model-based) | $77,346 | 21st best of 51 | $46,930 | $72,640 | $99,160 | 53 |
| Median property tax bill | 2,392 | 31st highest of 52 | 460 | 1,290 | 3,449 | 52 |
| Meets aerobic guidelines | 63.4 | 14th best of 49 | — | — | — | — |
| Membership organisations | 15.6 | 2nd best of 51 | 0 | 16.2 | 53.3 | 53 |
| Millionaire returns as a share of all returns | 0.463 | 17th highest of 52 | — | — | — | — |
| Millionaires' share of all income | 14.8 | 20th highest of 52 | — | — | — | — |
| Motor vehicle crash deaths | 13.8 | 31st best of 51 | 6.02 | 16.4 | 53.8 | 16 |
| Net business formation rate | 1.26 | 18th highest of 51 | -18 | 0.985 | 10.9 | 53 |
| Net domestic migration rate | 1.17 | 24th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Net migration per 100 people staying | -0.11 | 32nd highest of 51 | -2.8 | -0.388 | 2.31 | 47 |
| Net migration per 100 staying, $200,000 or more | -0.458 | 38th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Obesity | 36.4 | 35th best of 49 | — | — | — | — |
| Orthodox Christian adherents | 0.04 | 51st highest of 51 | 0 | 0 | 0.15 | 53 |
| Other religion adherents | 1.99 | 47th highest of 51 | 0 | 0.05 | 7.19 | 53 |
| People per tax return | 2 | 22nd highest of 51 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 53 |
| Per capita income | $42,474 | 21st best of 52 | $19,100 | $41,160 | $53,660 | 53 |
| Per capita personal income | $71,545 | 17th best of 51 | $36,310 | $73,400 | $103,300 | 53 |
| Poverty rate | 10.6% | 16th best of 52 | 4.72% | 10.4% | 42.7% | 53 |
| Poverty rate (model-based) | 10% | 8th best of 51 | 7.4% | 10.9% | 34.9% | 53 |
| Premature mortality | 381 | 20th best of 51 | 260 | 371 | 1,416 | 51 |
| Preventable hospital stays | 2,944 | 33rd best of 51 | 938 | 2,826 | 8,361 | 51 |
| Private job growth | 2.68 | 11th highest of 52 | -7.27 | 1.72 | 18 | 53 |
| Religious adherents | 55 | 10th highest of 51 | 9.73 | 63.5 | 101 | 53 |
| Republican share of the two-party vote, 2024 | 68.7 | 4th highest of 51 | 30.4 | 78.1 | 91.4 | 53 |
| Returns claiming charitable contributions | 3.29% | 50th highest of 51 | 0% | 1.8% | 4.83% | 53 |
| Returns claiming the earned income credit | 10.5% | 45th highest of 51 | 0% | 9.01% | 36.1% | 53 |
| Returns reporting capital gains | 21% | 12th highest of 51 | 6.48% | 25.9% | 41.9% | 53 |
| Returns reporting unemployment compensation | 2.18% | 28th highest of 51 | 0% | 1.79% | 7.23% | 53 |
| Safety score | -0.558 | 35th highest of 51 | -1.97 | 0.378 | 0.874 | 10 |
| Share aged 65 and over | 16.2% | 44th highest of 52 | 9.14% | 23.1% | 31.6% | 53 |
| Share American Indian or Alaska Native, not Hispanic | 4.27% | 6th highest of 51 | 0% | 2.19% | 83.7% | 29 |
| Share Asian, not Hispanic | 1.54% | 41st highest of 52 | 0% | 0.79% | 3.08% | 24 |
| Share Black, not Hispanic | 3.17% | 39th highest of 52 | 0% | 0.938% | 6.47% | 24 |
| Share divorced | 9.84% | 42nd highest of 52 | 5% | 9.54% | 14.2% | 53 |
| Share foreign-born | 4.47% | 41st highest of 52 | 0.822% | 3.25% | 7.74% | 27 |
| Share Hispanic or Latino, any race | 4.49% | 47th highest of 52 | 1.06% | 3.47% | 12.7% | 37 |
| Share in the same house a year ago | 82.6% | 50th highest of 51 | 75.6% | 88.7% | 95.7% | 53 |
| Share Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, not Hispanic | 0.143% | 13th highest of 49 | 0% | 0% | 0.263% | 32 |
| Share never married | 33% | 26th highest of 52 | 16.1% | 23.9% | 55.5% | 53 |
| Share now married | 51.6% | 13th highest of 52 | 26.1% | 56.9% | 70.8% | 53 |
| Share of births to unmarried women | 23.1% | 49th highest of 52 | 0% | 0% | 84.8% | 21 |
| Share of some other race, not Hispanic | 0.245% | 51st highest of 52 | 0% | 0% | 0.174% | 22 |
| Share of suicides by firearm | 59% | 20th highest of 51 | 47.5% | 63.5% | 90.9% | 14 |
| Share of taxes from alcohol | 0.136 | 42nd highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Share of taxes from corporate income | 4.2 | 37th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Share of taxes from corporation licences | 0 | 51st highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Share of taxes from death and gift | 0 | 51st highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Share of taxes from gambling | 0.308 | 23rd highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Share of taxes from general sales and gross receipts | 20.9 | 33rd highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Share of taxes from individual income | 6.41 | 42nd highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Share of taxes from insurance premiums | 1.04 | 38th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Share of taxes from licences | 3.39 | 32nd highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Share of taxes from motor fuel | 2.41 | 30th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Share of taxes from motor vehicle licences | 1.55 | 18th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Share of taxes from occupation and business licences | 1.14 | 20th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Share of taxes from other taxes | 41 | 1st highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Share of taxes from property | 16.3 | 48th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Share of taxes from property transfer | 0 | 51st highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Share of taxes from public utilities | 0.756 | 27th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Share of taxes from selective sales | 7.7 | 43rd highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Share of taxes from severance | 41 | 1st highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Share of taxes from sports betting and pari-mutuels | 0.019 | 29th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Share of taxes from tobacco | 0.297 | 50th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Share of two or more races, not Hispanic | 3.62% | 29th highest of 52 | 0% | 3.2% | 7.68% | 34 |
| Share separated | 0.875% | 51st highest of 52 | 0% | 0.781% | 2.67% | 8 |
| Share White, not Hispanic | 82.5% | 7th highest of 52 | 12.2% | 90.4% | 96.3% | 53 |
| Share widowed | 5.5% | 32nd highest of 52 | 3.65% | 7.26% | 13% | 52 |
| Share with a bachelor's degree or higher | 32.3% | 31st best of 52 | 11.2% | 22.9% | 43.3% | 53 |
| State income tax as a share of income | 0.878 | 41st highest of 50 | — | — | — | — |
| State taxes as a share of income | 10.7 | 2nd highest of 50 | — | — | — | — |
| Suicide rate | 19.8 | 41st best of 51 | 15.1 | 18.7 | 73.4 | 11 |
| Top state income tax rate | 2.5% | 41st highest of 50 | — | — | — | — |
| Total tax burden | 13.7 | 5th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Two weeks of poor mental health | 13.5 | 2nd best of 49 | — | — | — | — |
| Two weeks of poor physical health | 9.99 | 2nd best of 47 | — | — | — | — |
| Unemployment rate | 2.05% | 3rd best of 52 | 1.4% | 2% | 5.5% | 53 |
| Vacancy rate | 13.3% | 17th highest of 52 | 6.66% | 22.8% | 34.7% | 53 |
| Went without care over cost | 8.78 | 6th best of 49 | — | — | — | — |
| Years of potential life lost | 8,020 | 21st best of 51 | 5,598 | 7,712 | 35,130 | 26 |
| Aggregate travel time to work | 6,753,900 min | 49th highest of 52 | 6,720 min | 32,990 min | 1,746,000 min | 53 |
| Business establishments | 22,921 | 47th highest of 51 | 9 | 131 | 5,405 | 53 |
| Business establishments closed | 1,819 | 49th highest of 51 | 0 | 10 | 447 | 53 |
| Business establishments opened | 2,107 | 48th highest of 51 | 0 | 11 | 485 | 53 |
| Employed | 409,650 | 48th highest of 52 | 297 | 1,911 | 114,300 | 53 |
| Foreign-born population | 34,813 | 48th highest of 52 | 76 | 261 | 14,660 | 27 |
| Gross domestic product | $77,898,000k | 45th highest of 51 | $28,230k | $411,300k | $18,130,000k | 53 |
| Housing units | 374,870 | 48th highest of 52 | 458 | 2,115 | 87,500 | 53 |
| Labour force | 418,220 | 48th highest of 52 | 306 | 1,965 | 116,400 | 53 |
| Millionaire tax returns | 1,720 | 47th highest of 52 | — | — | — | — |
| Net domestic migration | 912 | 25th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Occupied housing units | 325,080 | 48th highest of 52 | 340 | 1,734 | 81,670 | 53 |
| Owner-occupied housing units | 206,120 | 48th highest of 52 | 297 | 1,329 | 42,460 | 53 |
| People covered by a tax return | 691,020 | 47th highest of 51 | 580 | 3,610 | 169,700 | 53 |
| People in households earning $200,000 or more who did not move | 72,462 | 46th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| People who did not move | 612,250 | 47th highest of 51 | 526 | 3,332 | 151,400 | 53 |
| Personal income | $56,452,000k | 48th highest of 51 | $27,510k | $371,200k | $14,300,000k | 53 |
| Population | 789,050 | 47th highest of 51 | 679 | 3,910 | 198,200 | 53 |
| Population | 783,930 | 47th highest of 51 | 674 | 3,902 | 196,400 | 53 |
| Population (firearm measures) | 719,930 | 47th highest of 51 | 3,780 | 25,190 | 170,600 | 14 |
| Population (WONDER) | 783,930 | 47th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Population aged 15 and over | 623,570 | 48th highest of 52 | 680 | 3,185 | 153,100 | 53 |
| Population aged 25 and over | 509,150 | 48th highest of 52 | 619 | 2,816 | 119,300 | 53 |
| Population aged 65 and over | 126,120 | 49th highest of 52 | 219 | 972 | 24,150 | 53 |
| Population below the poverty line | 79,628 | 49th highest of 52 | 51 | 430 | 18,980 | 53 |
| Population below the poverty line | 75,483 | 49th highest of 51 | 96 | 440 | 18,220 | 53 |
| Population for whom poverty status is determined | 752,520 | 48th highest of 52 | 795 | 3,853 | 183,500 | 53 |
| Population for whom poverty status is determined | 754,830 | 47th highest of 51 | 671 | 3,785 | 187,900 | 53 |
| Population in the same house one year ago | 643,430 | 47th highest of 51 | 740 | 3,524 | 148,000 | 53 |
| Population with a bachelor's degree or higher | 164,380 | 50th highest of 52 | 141 | 678 | 51,650 | 53 |
| Population, decennial census | 779,090 | 47th highest of 51 | 706 | 3,990 | 184,500 | 53 |
| Presidential votes cast, 2024 | 368,160 | 48th highest of 51 | 389 | 2,043 | 90,850 | 53 |
| Private jobs | 348,290 | 49th highest of 52 | 34 | 1,183 | 112,400 | 53 |
| State and local tax collections | $7,724,500k | 46th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| State individual income tax collected | $495,440k | 42nd highest of 50 | — | — | — | — |
| State tax collected, all taxes | $6,048,500k | 43rd highest of 50 | — | — | — | — |
| Tax returns filed | 371,290 | 47th highest of 51 | 310 | 1,900 | 95,100 | 53 |
| Total population | 779,360 | 48th highest of 52 | 795 | 3,961 | 189,300 | 53 |
| Unemployed | 8,574 | 50th highest of 52 | 9 | 46 | 2,125 | 53 |
| Vacant housing units | 49,787 | 48th highest of 52 | 118 | 510 | 5,829 | 53 |
| Women aged 15 to 50 | 176,180 | 49th highest of 52 | 108 | 728 | 49,300 | 53 |
| Women who gave birth in the past year | 11,181 | 47th highest of 52 | 27 | 138 | 2,999 | 24 |
| Workers aged 16 and over who commute | 375,050 | 48th highest of 52 | 347 | 1,715 | 99,830 | 53 |
Links inside North Dakota
These are the site’s strongest pairs nationwide, worked out again using only this state’s counties. The r column shows how closely two measures rise and fall together, from −1 (opposite) to +1 (in step); 0 means no link. A link that shows up nationally but disappears inside every state is really about differences between states. A link that also holds here is not.
These figures are before adjusting for anything. Unlike the national figures, they do not take out population density, income or education.
| Pair | r within ND | counties |
|---|---|---|
| Median age × Share aged 65 and overInside North Dakota, where Median age is higher, Share aged 65 and over tends to be higher: a strong link across 53 counties, before adjusting for anything. | +0.95 | 53 |
| Self-care disability × Material security scoreInside North Dakota, where Self-care disability is higher, Material security score tends to be lower: a strong link across 53 counties, before adjusting for anything. | -0.96 | 53 |
| Stroke × Material security scoreInside North Dakota, where Stroke is higher, Material security score tends to be lower: a strong link across 53 counties, before adjusting for anything. | -0.96 | 53 |
| Food insecurity × Returns claiming the earned income creditInside North Dakota, where Food insecurity is higher, Returns claiming the earned income credit tends to be higher: a strong link across 53 counties, before adjusting for anything. | +0.84 | 53 |
| Lack of reliable transportation × Returns claiming the earned income creditInside North Dakota, where Lack of reliable transportation is higher, Returns claiming the earned income credit tends to be higher: a strong link across 53 counties, before adjusting for anything. | +0.84 | 53 |
| Vision disability × Material security scoreInside North Dakota, where Vision disability is higher, Material security score tends to be lower: a strong link across 53 counties, before adjusting for anything. | -0.96 | 53 |
| Housing insecurity × Returns claiming the earned income creditInside North Dakota, where Housing insecurity is higher, Returns claiming the earned income credit tends to be higher: a strong link across 53 counties, before adjusting for anything. | +0.84 | 53 |
| Received food stamps × Material security scoreInside North Dakota, where Received food stamps is higher, Material security score tends to be lower: a strong link across 53 counties, before adjusting for anything. | -0.96 | 53 |
| Self-care disability × Returns claiming the earned income creditInside North Dakota, where Self-care disability is higher, Returns claiming the earned income credit tends to be higher: a strong link across 53 counties, before adjusting for anything. | +0.80 | 53 |
| Vision disability × Returns claiming the earned income creditInside North Dakota, where Vision disability is higher, Returns claiming the earned income credit tends to be higher: a strong link across 53 counties, before adjusting for anything. | +0.83 | 53 |
| Fair or poor self-rated health × Material security scoreInside North Dakota, where Fair or poor self-rated health is higher, Material security score tends to be lower: a strong link across 53 counties, before adjusting for anything. | -0.95 | 53 |
| Independent-living disability × Material security scoreInside North Dakota, where Independent-living disability is higher, Material security score tends to be lower: a strong link across 53 counties, before adjusting for anything. | -0.96 | 53 |
What this state is divided into
53 county-level areas, largest first. Each one is compared with its peers — the counties across the country most like it — not with the rest of this state.
Cass County · Burleigh County · Grand Forks County · Ward County · Williams County · Morton County · Stark County · Stutsman County · Richland County · McKenzie County · Rolette County · Ramsey County · Barnes County · Walsh County · McLean County · Mountrail County · Mercer County · Traill County · Pembina County · Bottineau County · Benson County · Ransom County · McHenry County · Dickey County · LaMoure County · Dunn County · Pierce County · Wells County · Sargent County · Sioux County · Cavalier County · Foster County · Emmons County · Nelson County · Bowman County · McIntosh County · Hettinger County · Kidder County · Griggs County · Eddy County · Renville County · Grant County · Adams County · Divide County · Burke County · Towner County · Logan County · Oliver County · Steele County · Golden Valley County · Sheridan County · Billings County · Slope County