Massachusetts
Population7.0m
Counties14county-level areas on the 2024 Census map
Density346.0people per km² of land
Median household income$101,34096th percentile of states
How it has changed
The state’s own figures from 2010 to 2024. A measure published for only one year shows as a single point instead of a line.
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The state figure, and the range across its counties
The state figure is the one its own agency publishes. It is never an average of the counties. You cannot average medians (middle values) to get a new median, and a rate has to be worked out again from the added-up counts. The county range next to it shows what a single state number has to hide.
Sometimes fewer counties report than the state has. The missing ones were held back because their counts were too small to publish — mostly deaths. A range from only part of the state is not the state’s full range. It can even sit entirely above or below the state figure. So the number of counties reporting is shown next to it.
You can sort by any column. 47 of these 185 measures have a clear better end, and those are ranked best first. For example, the lowest infant death rate is first place, and so is the highest life expectancy. The rest have no better end, so they are ranked highest first, and the cell says “highest” instead of “best”. A state is not winning or losing by how much of its tax comes from severance taxes (taxes on oil, gas and minerals taken from the ground).
| Alcohol-involved share of driving deaths | 0.302% | 31st best of 51 | 0.212% | 0.319% | 0.5% | 13 |
| Always wears a seatbelt | 92.2 | 36th best of 49 | — | — | — | — |
| Arrivals per 100 people staying | 2.24 | 42nd highest of 51 | 3.2 | 4.77 | 9.28 | 14 |
| Arrivals per 100 staying, $200,000 or more | 1.44 | 46th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Arthritis | 25.2 | 20th best of 46 | — | — | — | — |
| Binge drinking | 17.8 | 34th best of 49 | — | — | — | — |
| Births per 1,000 women aged 15 to 50 | 44.4 | 48th highest of 52 | 22 | 45.8 | 51.4 | 12 |
| Black Protestant adherents | 0.28 | 42nd highest of 51 | 0 | 0.13 | 0.95 | 14 |
| Black-white residential segregation | 62.9 | 24th highest of 51 | 41.6 | 56.8 | 83.4 | 14 |
| Business closing rate | 8.44 | 36th highest of 51 | 6.36 | 8.19 | 8.96 | 14 |
| Business opening rate | 9.6 | 29th highest of 51 | 7.89 | 9.52 | 14.7 | 14 |
| Catholic adherents | 35.5 | 2nd highest of 51 | 5.67 | 32.3 | 41.3 | 14 |
| Checkup in the past year | 80.8 | 4th highest of 49 | — | — | — | — |
| Child mortality | 30.4 | 1st best of 51 | 21.2 | 29.8 | 46.4 | 11 |
| Child poverty rate, ages 0-17 | 12.7% | 15th best of 51 | 6.6% | 12.1% | 26.4% | 14 |
| Children in single-parent households | 0.233% | 30th highest of 51 | 0.16% | 0.244% | 0.371% | 12 |
| Congregations per 10,000 people | 6.2 | 49th highest of 51 | 5.1 | 6.33 | 13.1 | 14 |
| Current asthma | 12 | 42nd best of 47 | — | — | — | — |
| Current smoking | 11.1 | 13th best of 49 | — | — | — | — |
| Departures per 100 people staying | 2.81 | 32nd highest of 51 | 3.52 | 5.04 | 11.8 | 14 |
| Departures per 100 staying, $200,000 or more | 2.24 | 29th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Depression | 23 | 26th best of 49 | — | — | — | — |
| Diabetes | 11.3 | 6th best of 45 | — | — | — | — |
| Difficulty concentrating or deciding | 13.2 | 17th best of 49 | — | — | — | — |
| Difficulty running errands alone | 7.12 | 17th best of 46 | — | — | — | — |
| Difficulty walking or climbing stairs | 12.7 | 12th best of 47 | — | — | — | — |
| Disability-free score | 0.25 | 16th highest of 47 | -0.083 | 0.981 | 1.68 | 14 |
| Drug overdose deaths | 36.1 | 35th best of 51 | 24.3 | 39.5 | 52 | 13 |
| Effective general sales tax rate | 1.47 | 43rd highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Effective individual income tax rate | 3.11 | 9th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Effective property tax rate | 1.11 | 17th highest of 52 | 0.215 | 1.1 | 1.57 | 14 |
| Effective property tax rate on income | 3.33 | 13th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Evangelical Protestant adherents | 3.65 | 50th highest of 51 | 0.82 | 3.19 | 5.85 | 14 |
| Fair or poor health | 15.6 | 9th best of 49 | — | — | — | — |
| Fine particulate matter | 6.75 | 22nd best of 51 | 5.3 | 6.75 | 8.6 | 14 |
| Firearm fatalities | 3.7 | 1st best of 51 | 1.86 | 3.97 | 8.39 | 12 |
| Firearm share of suicides, standardised | 41.3 | 51st highest of 51 | 29.7 | 43.3 | 63 | 12 |
| Firearm suicide rate | 2.05 | 50th highest of 51 | 1.08 | 2.8 | 4.24 | 12 |
| Flu vaccination among Medicare enrollees | 0.58% | 1st best of 51 | 0.21% | 0.575% | 0.62% | 14 |
| Gini index of income inequality | 0.488 | 46th best of 52 | 0.435 | 0.472 | 0.556 | 14 |
| Has health insurance | 96.9 | 2nd highest of 49 | — | — | — | — |
| Health score | 0.83 | 2nd highest of 49 | 0.192 | 0.772 | 1.26 | 14 |
| High blood pressure | 30.3 | 2nd best of 49 | — | — | — | — |
| High cholesterol | 33.8 | 20th best of 49 | — | — | — | — |
| High school graduation | 0.9% | 6th best of 48 | 0.785% | 0.913% | 0.938% | 14 |
| Homeownership rate | 62.6% | 46th highest of 52 | 36.6% | 68.6% | 80.5% | 14 |
| Homicide rate | 2.3 | 6th best of 51 | 0.986 | 2.02 | 5.86 | 10 |
| Homicide rate, annual | 2.6 | 48th highest of 51 | 1.35 | 2.49 | 9.13 | 8 |
| How much faster the top bracket arrives than everyone else | -0.234 | 35th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Income gap between arrivals and departures | $-25,918 | 50th highest of 51 | $-33,010 | $-3,087 | $50,590 | 14 |
| Infant mortality | 3.72 | 1st best of 51 | 2.77 | 4.06 | 5.8 | 11 |
| Injury deaths | 75.1 | 9th best of 51 | 58.3 | 78.5 | 111 | 14 |
| Life expectancy | 79.7 years | 2nd best of 51 | 76.3 years | 79.6 years | 83.1 years | 14 |
| Mainline Protestant adherents | 3.29 | 39th highest of 51 | 2.08 | 3.68 | 8.57 | 14 |
| Material security score | 0.747 | 10th highest of 51 | -0.435 | 0.552 | 1.08 | 14 |
| Mean adjusted gross income per return | $121,200 | 3rd best of 51 | $71,960 | $108,200 | $167,500 | 14 |
| Mean income of arriving households | $90,442 | 7th highest of 51 | $58,570 | $100,800 | $167,900 | 14 |
| Mean income of departing households | $116,360 | 2nd highest of 51 | $58,710 | $95,820 | $156,700 | 14 |
| Mean travel time to work | 29.3 min | 48th best of 52 | 15.2 min | 26.9 min | 32.9 min | 14 |
| Median age | 40 years | 18th highest of 52 | 33.8 years | 40.9 years | 55.1 years | 14 |
| Median gross rent | $1,687 | 5th highest of 52 | $1,042 | $1,484 | $2,126 | 14 |
| Median home value | $525,800 | 4th highest of 52 | $276,300 | $544,400 | $1,387,000 | 14 |
| Median household income | $101,340 | 3rd best of 52 | $70,540 | $94,010 | $126,800 | 14 |
| Median household income (model-based) | $99,750 | 2nd best of 51 | $67,160 | $92,470 | $123,400 | 14 |
| Median property tax bill | 5,813 | 5th highest of 52 | 2,985 | 4,946 | 7,240 | 14 |
| Meets aerobic guidelines | 63.6 | 11th best of 49 | — | — | — | — |
| Membership organisations | 9.06 | 35th best of 51 | 7.22 | 9.52 | 17.7 | 14 |
| Millionaire returns as a share of all returns | 0.763 | 3rd highest of 52 | — | — | — | — |
| Millionaires' share of all income | 19.7 | 8th highest of 52 | — | — | — | — |
| Motor vehicle crash deaths | 6.01 | 2nd best of 51 | 4.03 | 7.29 | 10.4 | 12 |
| Net business formation rate | 1.16 | 21st highest of 51 | 0 | 1 | 8.38 | 14 |
| Net domestic migration rate | -5.21 | 44th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Net migration per 100 people staying | -0.569 | 46th highest of 51 | -2.5 | -0.363 | 0.147 | 14 |
| Net migration per 100 staying, $200,000 or more | -0.796 | 46th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Obesity | 27.3 | 4th best of 49 | — | — | — | — |
| Orthodox Christian adherents | 0.82 | 4th highest of 51 | 0 | 0.22 | 1.34 | 14 |
| Other religion adherents | 5.04 | 18th highest of 51 | 1.85 | 4.14 | 9.61 | 14 |
| People per tax return | 2 | 48th highest of 51 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 14 |
| Per capita income | $56,284 | 2nd best of 52 | $37,810 | $54,590 | $72,730 | 14 |
| Per capita personal income | $89,947 | 3rd best of 51 | $62,820 | $83,940 | $122,600 | 14 |
| Poverty rate | 9.98% | 10th best of 52 | 3.03% | 9.86% | 16.5% | 14 |
| Poverty rate (model-based) | 10.5% | 16th best of 51 | 6.5% | 10.3% | 17.6% | 14 |
| Premature mortality | 303 | 1st best of 51 | 203 | 316 | 423 | 14 |
| Preventable hospital stays | 3,196 | 44th best of 51 | 2,295 | 3,118 | 3,998 | 14 |
| Private job growth | 1.03 | 51st highest of 52 | -1.87 | 0.692 | 4.73 | 14 |
| Religious adherents | 48.6 | 24th highest of 51 | 23.6 | 42.9 | 58.9 | 14 |
| Republican share of the two-party vote, 2024 | 37 | 48th highest of 51 | 23 | 33.3 | 49.3 | 14 |
| Returns claiming charitable contributions | 8.77% | 8th highest of 51 | 3.71% | 8.34% | 13.1% | 14 |
| Returns claiming the earned income credit | 9.56% | 50th highest of 51 | 6.52% | 9.42% | 16.6% | 14 |
| Returns reporting capital gains | 22.8% | 3rd highest of 51 | 12.8% | 21.3% | 30% | 14 |
| Returns reporting unemployment compensation | 6.24% | 2nd highest of 51 | 4.87% | 5.92% | 8.46% | 14 |
| Safety score | 0.153 | 17th highest of 51 | 0.0196 | 0.588 | 1.14 | 12 |
| Share aged 65 and over | 17.5% | 25th highest of 52 | 13% | 17.9% | 32.3% | 14 |
| Share American Indian or Alaska Native, not Hispanic | 0.0835% | 43rd highest of 51 | 0% | 0.0694% | 1.1% | 11 |
| Share Asian, not Hispanic | 7.03% | 7th highest of 52 | 1.39% | 2.42% | 13.1% | 14 |
| Share Black, not Hispanic | 6.51% | 28th highest of 52 | 1.32% | 4.64% | 17.9% | 13 |
| Share divorced | 9.34% | 47th highest of 52 | 5.29% | 10.3% | 13.5% | 14 |
| Share foreign-born | 17.7% | 7th highest of 52 | 5% | 13.6% | 29.4% | 14 |
| Share Hispanic or Latino, any race | 12.9% | 19th highest of 52 | 3.09% | 8.09% | 26.6% | 14 |
| Share in the same house a year ago | 87.2% | 15th highest of 51 | 78.7% | 88.9% | 92.2% | 14 |
| Share Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, not Hispanic | 0.0281% | 41st highest of 49 | 0% | 0.0124% | 0.0525% | 6 |
| Share never married | 37.2% | 6th highest of 52 | 25.7% | 34.5% | 53.4% | 14 |
| Share now married | 48.3% | 44th highest of 52 | 34.7% | 49.8% | 55.2% | 14 |
| Share of births to unmarried women | 26.8% | 36th highest of 52 | 13.3% | 29.6% | 44.2% | 11 |
| Share of some other race, not Hispanic | 1.15% | 1st highest of 52 | 0.26% | 0.994% | 2.52% | 11 |
| Share of suicides by firearm | 22% | 50th highest of 51 | 15.8% | 24% | 33.7% | 12 |
| Share of taxes from alcohol | 0.155 | 38th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Share of taxes from corporate income | 10.6 | 6th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Share of taxes from corporation licences | 0.0407 | 38th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Share of taxes from death and gift | 1.53 | 2nd highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Share of taxes from gambling | 0.503 | 17th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Share of taxes from general sales and gross receipts | 14.7 | 44th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Share of taxes from individual income | 31 | 5th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Share of taxes from insurance premiums | 0.963 | 40th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Share of taxes from licences | 2.97 | 38th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Share of taxes from motor fuel | 1.1 | 48th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Share of taxes from motor vehicle licences | 0.714 | 45th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Share of taxes from occupation and business licences | 0.642 | 36th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Share of taxes from other taxes | 2.19 | 21st highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Share of taxes from property | 33.2 | 13th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Share of taxes from property transfer | 0.666 | 16th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Share of taxes from public utilities | 0.00875 | 51st highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Share of taxes from selective sales | 5.41 | 49th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Share of taxes from severance | 0 | 51st highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Share of taxes from sports betting and pari-mutuels | 0.0617 | 23rd highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Share of taxes from tobacco | 0.573 | 35th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Share of two or more races, not Hispanic | 4.49% | 9th highest of 52 | 2.82% | 4.42% | 7.45% | 13 |
| Share separated | 1.52% | 24th highest of 52 | 0.87% | 1.55% | 2.37% | 12 |
| Share White, not Hispanic | 67.8% | 26th highest of 52 | 44.1% | 74.2% | 87.9% | 14 |
| Share widowed | 5.1% | 42nd highest of 52 | 3.46% | 5.29% | 7.35% | 14 |
| Share with a bachelor's degree or higher | 46.6% | 2nd best of 52 | 28.9% | 44.9% | 59% | 14 |
| State income tax as a share of income | 3.11 | 6th highest of 50 | — | — | — | — |
| State taxes as a share of income | 6.5 | 22nd highest of 50 | — | — | — | — |
| Suicide rate | 8.64 | 4th best of 51 | 6.29 | 9.92 | 19 | 13 |
| Top state income tax rate | 9% | 7th highest of 50 | — | — | — | — |
| Total tax burden | 10 | 23rd highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Two weeks of poor mental health | 15.6 | 17th best of 49 | — | — | — | — |
| Two weeks of poor physical health | 11.6 | 9th best of 47 | — | — | — | — |
| Unemployment rate | 3.49% | 31st best of 52 | 3% | 3.65% | 5.8% | 14 |
| Vacancy rate | 8.38% | 43rd highest of 52 | 4.09% | 7.16% | 59.5% | 14 |
| Went without care over cost | 7.66 | 2nd best of 49 | — | — | — | — |
| Years of potential life lost | 5,975 | 1st best of 51 | 4,416 | 6,321 | 8,992 | 14 |
| Aggregate travel time to work | 87,917,000 min | 13th highest of 52 | 107,200 min | 5,854,000 min | 20,570,000 min | 14 |
| Business establishments | 166,590 | 14th highest of 51 | 1,027 | 10,320 | 40,760 | 14 |
| Business establishments closed | 13,982 | 16th highest of 51 | 63 | 813 | 3,564 | 14 |
| Business establishments opened | 15,906 | 16th highest of 51 | 115 | 934 | 3,982 | 14 |
| Employed | 3,690,700 | 14th highest of 52 | 8,284 | 245,400 | 896,700 | 14 |
| Foreign-born population | 1,236,500 | 7th highest of 52 | 2,158 | 50,480 | 367,000 | 14 |
| Gross domestic product | $737,870,000k | 12th highest of 51 | $1,968,000k | $31,770,000k | $227,400,000k | 14 |
| Housing units | 3,014,700 | 16th highest of 52 | 12,450 | 206,900 | 660,800 | 14 |
| Labour force | 3,824,100 | 14th highest of 52 | 8,798 | 255,600 | 924,300 | 14 |
| Millionaire tax returns | 27,450 | 7th highest of 52 | — | — | — | — |
| Net domestic migration | -36,572 | 47th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| Occupied housing units | 2,762,100 | 16th highest of 52 | 5,048 | 192,600 | 630,900 | 14 |
| Owner-occupied housing units | 1,729,000 | 17th highest of 52 | 3,861 | 116,300 | 388,900 | 14 |
| People covered by a tax return | 6,132,400 | 16th highest of 51 | 14,120 | 445,900 | 1,442,000 | 14 |
| People in households earning $200,000 or more who did not move | 1,090,100 | 8th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| People who did not move | 5,355,000 | 16th highest of 51 | 10,980 | 394,000 | 1,260,000 | 14 |
| Personal income | $635,620,000k | 13th highest of 51 | $1,782,000k | $34,240,000k | $177,000,000k | 14 |
| Population | 7,066,600 | 16th highest of 51 | 14,530 | 500,000 | 1,645,000 | 14 |
| Population | 7,001,400 | 16th highest of 51 | 14,440 | 497,800 | 1,624,000 | 14 |
| Population (firearm measures) | 6,633,900 | 15th highest of 51 | 68,200 | 523,200 | 1,539,000 | 12 |
| Population (WONDER) | 7,001,400 | 16th highest of 51 | 460,300 | 747,900 | 1,624,000 | 8 |
| Population aged 15 and over | 5,875,800 | 15th highest of 52 | 11,950 | 412,700 | 1,361,000 | 14 |
| Population aged 25 and over | 4,945,600 | 15th highest of 52 | 10,450 | 348,000 | 1,149,000 | 14 |
| Population aged 65 and over | 1,221,300 | 15th highest of 52 | 2,217 | 91,650 | 259,600 | 14 |
| Population below the poverty line | 676,520 | 23rd highest of 52 | 428 | 41,980 | 121,900 | 14 |
| Population below the poverty line | 710,120 | 21st highest of 51 | 935 | 48,350 | 120,800 | 14 |
| Population for whom poverty status is determined | 6,777,200 | 16th highest of 52 | 14,150 | 486,100 | 1,572,000 | 14 |
| Population for whom poverty status is determined | 6,763,100 | 16th highest of 51 | 14,380 | 486,000 | 1,569,000 | 14 |
| Population in the same house one year ago | 6,097,200 | 15th highest of 51 | 13,190 | 448,500 | 1,397,000 | 14 |
| Population with a bachelor's degree or higher | 2,305,900 | 12th highest of 52 | 6,101 | 108,900 | 677,800 | 14 |
| Population, decennial census | 7,029,900 | 15th highest of 51 | 14,260 | 498,300 | 1,632,000 | 14 |
| Presidential votes cast, 2024 | 3,512,900 | 14th highest of 51 | 7,118 | 243,300 | 814,800 | 14 |
| Private jobs | 3,200,800 | 13th highest of 52 | 7,480 | 167,300 | 840,400 | 14 |
| State and local tax collections | $63,741,000k | 9th highest of 51 | — | — | — | — |
| State individual income tax collected | $19,754,000k | 4th highest of 50 | — | — | — | — |
| State tax collected, all taxes | $41,339,000k | 8th highest of 50 | — | — | — | — |
| Tax returns filed | 3,595,600 | 14th highest of 51 | 9,160 | 255,400 | 830,800 | 14 |
| Total population | 6,992,400 | 15th highest of 52 | 14,300 | 497,400 | 1,623,000 | 14 |
| Unemployed | 133,420 | 14th highest of 52 | 469 | 10,220 | 27,510 | 14 |
| Vacant housing units | 252,590 | 22nd highest of 52 | 2,926 | 13,170 | 62,680 | 14 |
| Women aged 15 to 50 | 1,667,200 | 14th highest of 52 | 3,616 | 111,300 | 398,700 | 14 |
| Women who gave birth in the past year | 73,953 | 19th highest of 52 | 660 | 6,055 | 18,140 | 12 |
| Workers aged 16 and over who commute | 3,005,100 | 14th highest of 52 | 7,068 | 210,800 | 685,800 | 14 |
What this state is divided into
14 county-level areas, largest first. Each one is compared with its peers — the counties across the country most like it — not with the rest of this state.
Middlesex County · Worcester County · Essex County · Suffolk County · Norfolk County · Bristol County · Plymouth County · Hampden County · Barnstable County · Hampshire County · Berkshire County · Franklin County · Dukes County · Nantucket County