Median home value and Economy score
Across 3,113 counties, Median home value and Economy score have a link of +0.74, on a scale from −1 (opposite) to +1 (in step). But compare places with the same population density, income and education, and what is left could easily be chance. Most of the first figure came from both measures following how urban, rich and educated a place is, not from a link with each other.
Mostly gone after adjusting
Every place, plotted
One dot for each place reporting both measures. Hover over or tap a dot to see its name and values. The thin line is the straight line that best fits the dots. The bold line, shown for counties, is the link after adjusting for density, income and education. A dot far from the lines is a place that does not follow the pattern.
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What each measure is
Median home value
What the owner of the middle owner-lived-in home says it would sell for. It is the owner's own guess, not an actual sale price.
Census ACS 5-year · ACS table B25077_001
Economy score
Four income measures from four agencies: income per person, middle household income (an estimate from a statistical model), personal income per person, and average adjusted gross income on tax returns. Read it as four ways of measuring income, not as a broad economic summary. It moves very closely with middle household income (a link of 0.91 on a scale where 1 is perfect), and the site already adjusts for that. So a link with this score and a link with income are close to the same question.
· derived from 4 measures (ACS, BEA, IRS, SAIPE)
Highest and lowest
Where each measure is highest and lowest among the places reporting both (2023), with the other measure beside it. This is shown for every size of place where both are published. Metro-area values are added up from their counties. A measure that cannot be added up across counties, such as a middle value (median), has no metro figure. Counts are shown per 1,000 residents, since raw totals would only list the largest places. Cities and towns and ZIP codes are shown where the Census survey or the CDC publishes them; most other sources stop at the county. They are shown for places of 5,000 residents or more, and only where the survey’s margin of error is small enough for the figure to be usable. The CDC publishes its health estimates for cities in a version adjusted for age, so places with older or younger people can be compared fairly, but not for ZIP codes.
Counties
By median home value
| Median home value | Economy score | |
|---|---|---|
| Highest | ||
| San Mateo County, CA | $1,494,500 | 4.38 |
| Marin County, CA | $1,390,000 | 4.44 |
| Nantucket County, MA | $1,387,000 | 3.33 |
| Santa Clara County, CA | $1,382,800 | 4.16 |
| San Francisco County, CA | $1,380,500 | 4.1 |
| Lowest | ||
| Todd County, SD | $45,200 | -0.846 |
| Oglala Lakota County, SD | $45,600 | -1.19 |
| McDowell County, WV | $49,200 | -1.02 |
| Stewart County, GA | $53,000 | -0.578 |
| Cottle County, TX | $54,100 | 0.993 |
By economy score
| Median home value | Economy score | |
|---|---|---|
| Highest | ||
| Teton County, WY | $1,371,900 | 5.78 |
| Pitkin County, CO | $1,131,200 | 4.81 |
| Summit County, UT | $1,000,400 | 4.73 |
| Marin County, CA | $1,390,000 | 4.44 |
| San Mateo County, CA | $1,494,500 | 4.38 |
| Lowest | ||
| Kusilvak Census Area, AK | $72,700 | -1.28 |
| Oglala Lakota County, SD | $45,600 | -1.19 |
| Buffalo County, SD | $108,000 | -1.09 |
| Issaquena County, MS | $90,700 | -1.08 |
| Wheeler County, GA | $74,600 | -1.07 |
States — Economy score is not published for states
By median home value
| Median home value | Economy score | |
|---|---|---|
| Highest | ||
| Hawaii | $808,200 | — |
| District of Columbia | $724,600 | — |
| California | $695,400 | — |
| Massachusetts | $525,800 | — |
| Washington | $519,800 | — |
| Lowest | ||
| Puerto Rico | $124,600 | — |
| West Virginia | $155,600 | — |
| Mississippi | $161,400 | — |
| Arkansas | $175,300 | — |
| Oklahoma | $185,900 | — |
Metro areas — Median home value is not published for metro areas
By economy score
| Median home value | Economy score | |
|---|---|---|
| Highest | ||
| Jackson, WY-ID | — | 6.15 |
| Heber, UT | — | 4.36 |
| San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA | — | 4.15 |
| Naples-Marco Island, FL | — | 3.86 |
| Bridgeport-Stamford-Danbury, CT | — | 3.85 |
| Lowest | ||
| Rio Grande City-Roma, TX | — | -2.7 |
| Zapata, TX | — | -2.58 |
| Gallup, NM | — | -2.29 |
| Deming, NM | — | -2.08 |
| Raymondville, TX | — | -2.08 |
Cities and towns — Economy score is not published for cities and towns
By median home value
| Median home value | Economy score | |
|---|---|---|
| Highest | ||
| Paradise Valley town, AZ | $2,000,001 | — |
| Alamo CDP, CA | $2,000,001 | — |
| Atherton town, CA | $2,000,001 | — |
| Belmont city, CA | $2,000,001 | — |
| Beverly Hills city, CA | $2,000,001 | — |
| Lowest | ||
| Kayenta CDP, AZ | $37,900 | — |
| Zephyrhills South CDP, FL | $41,900 | — |
| Johnstown city, PA | $42,100 | — |
| Flint city, MI | $47,600 | — |
| Raymondville city, TX | $48,200 | — |
ZIP codes — Economy score is not published for ZIP codes
By median home value
| Median home value | Economy score | |
|---|---|---|
| Highest | ||
| ZIP 10007 (New York city, NY) | $2,000,001 | — |
| ZIP 10013 (New York city, NY) | $2,000,001 | — |
| ZIP 10069 (New York city, NY) | $2,000,001 | — |
| ZIP 10282 (New York city, NY) | $2,000,001 | — |
| ZIP 85253 (Paradise Valley town, AZ) | $2,000,001 | — |
| Lowest | ||
| ZIP 48505 (Flint city, MI) | $28,300 | — |
| ZIP 10475 (New York city, NY) | $31,900 | — |
| ZIP 86505 (Apache County, AZ) | $35,700 | — |
| ZIP 44502 (Youngstown city, OH) | $37,500 | — |
| ZIP 86033 (Navajo County, AZ) | $38,300 | — |
Counties furthest from the pattern
Compared with the straight line that best fits all 3,130 counties: the five with far more economy score than their median home value would suggest, and the five with far less.
| Median home value | Economy score | |
|---|---|---|
| Above the line | ||
| Glasscock County, TX | $248,600 | 3.35 |
| Borden County, TX | $105,400 | 2.6 |
| Martin County, TX | $162,200 | 2.82 |
| Union County, SD | $269,500 | 3.15 |
| Midland County, TX | $293,000 | 3.06 |
| Below the line | ||
| Nantucket County, MA | $1,387,000 | 3.33 |
| Bronx County, NY | $517,000 | -0.124 |
| Kings County, NY | $889,700 | 1.61 |
| Dukes County, MA | $1,104,100 | 2.67 |
| Maui County, HI | $858,600 | 1.68 |
Two series, one county
Both measures over time for a county you pick. The two charts are stacked, so they share only the years along the bottom. You can pick from the thirty largest counties reporting both. This panel covers 2010–2024, and a measure published only once shows as a single dot.
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Every version of the link
Each row measures the same link, from −1 to +1, in a different way. If the rows mostly agree, the link does not depend on one choice of method.
| Before adjusting for anything | +0.737 | 3,113 counties reporting both |
| After adjusting for density, income and education | +0.084 | the part of the link that is not just how urban, rich and educated a place is |
| Also adjusting for population size | +0.084 | size taken out as well as density |
| Also comparing only within each state | +0.272 | each county is compared only with others in its own state, so this is no longer a comparison between states |
| Giving bigger counties more weight | +0.227 | the adjusted link for the average resident rather than the average county. With this weighting, the data counts for about 287 equally weighted counties |
| Middle value inside single states | +0.858 | the link worked out inside each of 40 states with at least 20 counties reporting |
| Using ranks, after adjusting | -0.015 | uses each county’s rank, not its value, so a few extreme counties cannot create the link |
How much to believe it
Could it be chance?
The p-value is the chance of seeing a link this strong if there were really none. A value of 0.05 or less means the link is unlikely to be chance. Very small values are written in short form: 3.1e-16 means 0.00000000000000031, and the bigger the number after “e-”, the smaller the value. Treating every county as a separate case gives p = 2.7e-6. But counties in the same state tend to resemble each other, so the better figure allows for that: p = 0.093. The site tested 20,910 pairs, and testing so many turns up some flukes. The q-value allows for that too. For this pair it is 4.9e-6.
Do nearby places look alike?
Moran’s I measures how much nearby places look alike: 0 means no map pattern, and higher means neighbours are more similar. For the part of each county that the adjustment leaves unexplained, it is +0.27 (p = 0.001). That unexplained part still clusters on the map. So some regional factor shared by both measures is not accounted for.
Did they change together?
Not measurable: at least one of these is published for too few of the years a change needs (2014–2019 or 2019–2023), or for too few counties in both.
Related pairs
- Median household income and Economy score — +0.78
- Median home value and Local income tax collected — +0.70
- Median gross rent and Median home value — +0.59
- Share with a bachelor's degree or higher and Economy score — +0.52
- Median household income and Median home value — +0.50
- Median home value and Mean income of arriving households — +0.46
- Poverty rate (model-based) and Economy score — -0.44
- Mean income of departing households and Economy score — +0.43
Association only. Nothing here shows that either measure changes the other. This describes counties, not the people in them. Two measures going together across places does not mean the same people have both. How the US county data works · Explore Median home value and Economy score