Learning rate
How much children improve each school year, in grade levels, where 0 is the national average pace. This is the part that happens in school, and it behaves quite differently from the score level.
Reported for2,043areas, in 50 states — none in DC, PR
Link to density0.02not mostly about how urban a place is
Nearby places alike0.33Moran’s I: strongly, neighbouring places tend to be similar
Typerategrade levels per year
How it has moved
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Every state, every year
Nothing to draw here: this measure has no state figures. Its publisher reports it for counties. This site does not add county numbers up into state figures, since a home-made figure could clash with one an agency publishes itself. The chart above covers the whole country, year by year.
Where it comes from
Stanford Education Data Archive · SEDA cs_mn_lrn_ol
Stanford University · pooled over 2009–2019 · Standard errors published (a measure of how far off a figure might be), converted to 90% margins
How much children gain per year of schooling: what changes while they are in school. It moves with income very differently from the average test score does, which is why both are here. Time period: pooled over 2009-2019, the years the archive covers; these are pre-pandemic results and describe a decade of testing rather than a single year.
Combining areas: an average weighted by tests taken.
What it goes with
The strongest links that have a page of their own. Unadjusted is the link before adjusting for anything, from −1 (opposite) to +1 (in step). Adjusted compares places with the same population density, income and education levels, so those differences can’t explain the link. This list leaves out the 1 pairs built from the same numbers or the same model as this measure, since they are bound to match.
| Measure | Unadjusted | Adjusted |
|---|---|---|
| Learning rate and Trend in average test scoreWhere Learning rate is higher, Trend in average test score tends to be higher: a moderate link that holds when only places with similar density, income and education are compared, and inside states as well. Trend in average test score by US county | +0.56 | +0.57 |
Population makeup
How this measure varies with the racial and ethnic makeup of counties. Every group is shown, whatever its rank. These are links across counties: they describe places, not people. They say nothing about any person’s risk or behaviour based on their race. Counties with a larger share of one group also differ in much else, such as income, segregation, region and history. The adjusted figure only accounts for density, income and education.
| Share of residents | Unadjusted | Adjusted |
|---|---|---|
| Learning rate and Share White, not HispanicCould easily be chance once only places with similar density, income and education are compared. Share White, not Hispanic by US county | +0.03 | -0.01 |
| Learning rate and Share Black, not HispanicCould easily be chance once only places with similar density, income and education are compared. Share Black, not Hispanic by US county | -0.23 | -0.13 |
| Learning rate and Share Hispanic or Latino, any raceWhere Learning rate is higher, Share Hispanic or Latino, any race tends to be higher: a weak link that holds when only places with similar density, income and education are compared. Share Hispanic or Latino, any race by US county | +0.11 | +0.10 |
| Learning rate and Share Asian, not HispanicCould easily be chance once only places with similar density, income and education are compared. Share Asian, not Hispanic by US county | +0.14 | +0.10 |
| Learning rate and Share American Indian or Alaska Native, not HispanicCould easily be chance once only places with similar density, income and education are compared. Share American Indian or Alaska Native, not Hispanic by US county | +0.10 | +0.06 |
Highest and lowest
Of 2,043 counties reporting it. These are the two ends of a national ranking. For most measures, that ranking mostly sorts places by income and how urban they are. That is why the place pages compare each place with similar places instead.
Highest
- Mellette County, SD — 0.14
- Bethel Census Area, AK — 0.112
- Grant County, NE — 0.103
- Sierra County, NM — 0.0992
- Aleutians West Census Area, AK — 0.0969
Lowest
- Monroe County, KY — -0.187
- Richmond city, VA — -0.147
- Greene County, AL — -0.13
- Putnam County, IL — -0.12
- Caswell County, NC — -0.115
The middle area reports -0.0165. The middle half of counties falls between -0.0357 and 0.0214 (the 25th to 75th percentile).
All measures · Explore its pairs · How the US county data works